Hasan Tiro, The Big Enemy of Suharto: ASNLF-GAM Rebels 1976-2005 #Part 1
GAM is an armed political movement seeking to establish the Aceh Sumatra State, releasing Aceh from Indonesia. The movement was officially at peace with the signing of the MoU, ini Helsinki, Finland, August 15, 2005.
The founders of this movement are Hasan Tiro, Teungku Hasan Muhammad di Tiro (born in Tiro, Pidie, Aceh, 25 September 1925 - pas away in Banda Aceh, Aceh, 3 June 2010 at the age of 84 years.
Hasan Tiro was a founding member of the ASNLF (Aceh Sumatra National Liberation Front), later known as GAM or Gerakan Aceh Merdeka.
Who is Hasan Tiro
At first, Hasan Tiro, was a true republic (a term for a republican ideology for Indonesia), as his teacher, Daud Beueueh. However, after Daud Beureueh failed to make Indonesia a republic of Islam, he prepared Hasan Tiro to become a great figure, whether for Aceh or for Indonesia.
So, after becoming a figure, Hasan Tiro became an important person in Indonesia. He wrote a book entitled, "The Future of Malay World Politics." After that, he began to be considered against the ideology of the state of Indonesia (Republic of Indonesia) that already exists.
In the book, Hasan Tiro writes that to be a strong country, Indonesia must change the way of governing the country, to be fair, and not to be Java centric (everything must follow people in Java island, and good development only in Java). But must respect every culture of the population different ethnic groups.
Development must be fair and equitable, there is no coercion of culture.
Indonesia, in Hasan Tiro's theory is not a nation's name, but the name of a vast territory in the comrades of the continent, such as the Mediterranean, the Balkans, the Caucasus, the Baltic, the European, and so on. He pointed out, an area of Indonesia, in Europe there are 31 countries. Therefore, Hasan Tiro offers a solution to the problem, by distributing Indonesia into several countries according to the big island, for example the state of Aceh Sumatra for Sumatra Island, Boeneo state for Kalimantan, Ternate state for Sulawesi island, and so on.
Of course, Hasan Tiro's idea was rejected directly out loud because it was against the 1945 Constitution and Pancasila, and eventually he had no place in Indonesia. At that time, he saw how Indonesia takes care of the natural produce of the whole island by not giving a share to the people around the place where the mine was taken. He concluded. Indonesia is Holland's Nedherland Hindie or VOC in another form, not a country. There is no progress whatsoever for the islanders other than the inhabitants of Java, if they still recognize Indonesia as a country.
At that time, Hasan Tiro began to think how to form a political theory that could make the people of Aceh willing to fight with the state of Indonesia, rejected Indonesia. Taking into consideration the ideology of Daud Beureueh, Hasan Tiro thought, which made Indonesia an Islamic state, it is impossible, because Islam of the island of Java, according to Hasan Tiro, is impure, but mixed with kejawen faith.
Therefore, although with the ideology of Islam, Indonesia should not be allowed, should be separated. So he found that way, an independent Aceh, totally released from Indonesia. So he formulated a theory of how the Acehnese would reject anything related to Indonesia. So he made the slogan, Indonesia-Java, that Indonesia is Java, only for and owned by Java people, and all those who follow them will be considered Java.
And the rise of the Acehnese isme, the greatness of Aceh in history (which is only a small part of it), plus betrayal of the Javanese subject to the Dutch, while at the same time Aceh against the Dutch. And, he emphasized the history on the events when the Dutch submitted a war ultimatum letter on 26 March 1873, it was ushered by the Javanese. Then one part finished.
Symbol and banner of Aceh, source
Only one more, the Acehnese will not follow his call to fight against Indonesia, if he has nothing to do with the Aceh war. So he found it, that he himself had little blood relation with stakeholders state of Aceh Darussalam after being attacked by the Dutch, namely Tgk Chik Di Tiro Muhammad Saman.
And, Hasan Tiro completes all requirements to establish a country. The state must have people, have a territory, have a history, have a state symbol, and have a flag. A formula has been formulated ideology and country. Undoubtedly, Hasan Tiro became the most successful ideologist of our time, for Southeast Asia. The only people who succeeded against the big political currents in Indonesia.
Because of such an idea, finally on a journey, Hasan Tiro is not allowed to go back to Indonesia. A few years later, he went home and declared the ASNLF, on December 4, 1976. He chose that date because of the last Tgk Chik Di Tiro Tiro derivative, Tgk Chik Ma'at Di Tiro, shaheed on 3 Debember 1911.
Hasan Tiro wants history to record December 3, the last deceased of Di Tiro, then on Dec. 4 declared again, the Aceh Sumatra state, inspired by Aceh Darussalam, especially the dynasty of Tiro. The GAM people called Hasan Tiro with His Excellency the Mayor of Aceh Sumatra.
Symbol and banner of Aceh, source
At that time, the President of the Republic of Indonesia was Suharto. So Suharto's greatest enemy was Hasan Tiro, a brilliant child from Aceh, who attended higher education at the best university, and dared to think beyond the confines of the box.
Other intelligent people could be persuaded or captured by Suharto, but not with Hasan Tiro, who founded another country, and he was free abroad, a resident of another respected country, controlling rebellious in Aceh from there.
In fact, at the same age, Hasan Tiro was still alive when Suharto fell from power. Worse yet, after Suharto's fall, Hasan Tiro's followers grew, and waged a major war in Aceh for several years. And, Hasan Tiro was alive for several years after Suharto died. In this case, Hasan Tiro is the only opponent Suharto can not overcome.
Now, Hasan Tiro has pased away in an old age. His followers, GAM, a few years before Hasan Tiro passed away. Has made peace with RI, a long-lasting peace, no plans to fight again. Now Aceh is peaceful, Hasan Tiro's followers have agreed to build Aceh in NKRI.
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