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Now, everybody knows what is genome, because this is the era of Genomics. A genome is including all of the genes, it is a complete set of DNA. All of the information that needed to maintain and build the organism is in the genome.

When we're studying about the genome, it is like a treasure hunt game. You need to find many clues and hint to achieve the objective but along the road, you don't know what you can find. Studying a genome is full of surprises.

It's really hard to imagine what actually in our genome if we only stick to the definition that I give you above. That's right genomes contain all the DNA that help us to regulate many processes in our body and it also contains all the genes that we need. But, is the genes are very important to us and why should we have genes that we don't use it? Sound stupid right?

As we know, the virus can be harmful to all organisms that live in the world and worse it also can be doing something special to our genome. DNA polymerase RNA- Dependant is a special enzyme of RNA virus. These special enzymes can produce DNA itself using their own RNA starting material. It's a normal cycle for them, even if the RNA does not strictly need for the infection.

For your information RNA can be converted back into DNA, the DNA will integrate with our genome after they go into our cell's nucleus. So, all over the place in our genomes is constellated with the viral DNA. How do you feel? It's seems violated right. Is that true we are carrying alien genes, what is it means? For instance, the same viral enzyme can we produce as I said before, it is a reverse transcriptase. The reverse transcriptase is contributing to the creation of pseudogenes.

RNA will be spliced and modified when one of our regular genes has been transcribed into RNA. It can turn a new RNA back into the original DNA gene if there is the reverse transcriptase. At this point, the gene won't be identical. The "mother" and "daughter" gene won't be identical. This because the "daughter genes are missing the introns and promoters.

This situation may happen however, the new "daughter" DNA integrates into our genome again, then what will this cause? We will have 2 similar genes, one is "mother" it will work as normal, and the others don't do anything because of the missing the "daughter". This is called a processed pseudogene, the abnormal useless gene.

Why am I telling you this? This is because these pseudogenes can be used to a cool stuff! We can clearly see that one is derived from the other if we have the sequence of "mother" and "daughter" genes. Since it is not functional, it is pseudogenes. Because of the neutral, accumulate mutations won't be selected. What we can see is the original and the pseudogenes are different slightly different looking. The different of the genes when we're looking at the mutation of the gene ("daughter") is carrying.

We can estimate how long ago this process occurred, because of the number of the mutation is correlated with the time that passed since at the stage of the birth of pseudogene. The age of pseudogene can basically be known.

If we know the ages of the pseudogenes, we can assume that one of them are old and some of them are young. From this, older pseudogene can be predicted that this gene will be shared with the common ancestor, meanwhile, the evolutionary history only more recently will appear by the younger pseudogenes. Predictive test of common ancestry will be allowed us to carry on it. It is proved on how a certain species are evolving.

Every day, our body is producing the viral protein. Pseudogenes are inherited from our ancestor, this is the pseudogenes has been infected once. Thanks for reading my adventure. Keep reading!!!

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Reference and Further Reading

TOPIC	WEBSITES
Wikipedia Pseudogene	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudogene
Wikipedia Genomes	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genom
Human Genomes	https://www.genome.gov/11006943/human-genome-project-completion-frequently-asked-questions/
Wikipedia DNA	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA
Video Source	https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4wulY_YL4vPZfRVH5mWnKg
Image Source	http://keywordsuggest.org/gallery/1217505.html
GIF source	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

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