Hormones are carriers of control commands from one organ to another.
The English scientists Starling and Baileys, discovered them in 1906, and called hormones, from the Greek hormao, which means exciting, stimulating. The organs that produce hormones (commands) are called endocrine organs. Endocrine organs are the Hypothalamus, Thyroid, Pancreas, Pituitary, Adrenal, Sex glands. The hormones produced by the endocrine organs are excreted into the bloodstream and enter all parts of the body, but each of them acts only in one place or in a specific organ of the body, called the target organ.
The human body is based on a truly huge list of different hormones (FSH, LH, TTG, testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, etc.). These biologically active substances are involved in all life processes. They regulate all processes in the body from the growth of cells to the isolation of stomach acid. The hormonal background is the balance of hormones in the body. From the concentration of certain types of hormones depends on our health and the general physical state of the body. Tearfulness, hysteria, excessive impulsiveness and obsessive fears on any occasion - obvious signs of a violation of the balance of hormones. Changes or the violation of the hormonal background of the body is expressed in a decrease in the content hormones in the blood and can trigger the occurrence of severe diseases.
In the 1950s and 1960s, science established that not only the pancreas iron, but the whole intestine is also an endocrine organ. If previously it was believed that the gastrointestinal tract produces only hormones to control itself, for example gastrin, then Ugolev showed that it produces virtually the entire spectrum of hormones that regulate the activity of the body.
Endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract produce hormones typical of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, and pituitary cells - gastrin. Thus, for some hormonal effects, the hypothalamic-pituitary and gastrointestinal systems were related.
Even such hormones as endorphins and enkephalins, whose synthesis was previously attributed exclusively to the brain, are produced in the intestine. In particular, these morphine hormones are produced in the infant during the splitting of the protein of the mother's milk, and in adults - during the splitting of the wheat protein. Let me remind you that these hormones cause anesthesia, a sense of causeless joy, happiness, euphoria. Also, the intestine produces 95% of all serotonin, the lack of which leads to depression and migraines.
The regulation of the formation of hormones in the gastrointestinal tract differs from that in other endocrine systems in that the secretion of hormones depends not so much on the state of the organism as on the direct interaction of food components with the walls of the intestine, and some hormones come directly from food or are synthesized inside the intestine.
Hormonal background, which affects the condition of our body, our mood and working capacity, directly depends on the food that we eat.