The Joseon Dynasty, the last in the history of Korea

in #travelfeed6 years ago

In the history of Korea, there were many dynasties, many states, of which I have already spoken. But one of the brightest periods in the history of Korea, probably, was nevertheless the period of Joseon (조선) dynasty, the sunset of which became a point in the reign of the royal family and the beginning of a new era in Korean history - the era of emperors. But we'll talk about this next time.

The reign of the Joseon Dynasty began on July 17, 1392, when the power was transferred to the clan of Li. The founder of the dynasty is King Taejo (태조) or Li Songe (이성계).

King Daejo

The very name of the state of Joseon originates from the distant 2333 BC, when there was the first Korean state on the [Korean peninsula](https://golos.blog/ru--istoriya/@istfak/3cxjzw-kochoson-ili-pervoe -koreiskoe-gosudarstvo) Ancient Joseon (고조선) . The capital of the kingdom was the city of Hanyang (한양), which later became known as the Hanson during the appearance of the Korean Empire, and today it is the city of Seoul.

Map of the Korean Peninsula under the Joseon Dynasty

In 1394 construction begins the royal palace of Gyeongbokgung (경복궁) , which today is the largest and the most recent royal palace of the Joseon era in Seoul.

Top of the society in Joseon were aristocrats and scientists, followed by the "middle class", which included doctors and doctors, government officials, artists. Well and in the lowest cell of a society commoners or peasants have entered.

At the very beginning of the Joseon era, relations between Confucianists and Buddhists did not take shape, besides, the king patronized the ideology of Confucianism, on which the political system in Joseon was built. And the formation of the Joseon Dynasty took place on three basic principles:

  • suppression of Buddhism in favor of neo-Confucianism
  • Ming Dynasty faithfulness
  • Following the theory of physiocracy, according to which agriculture is the key to the economic prosperity of the country.
Following these principles, the Joseon era lasted more than 5 centuries. And during this time in the state was carried out not a few reforms.

Water level gauge

Rainmeter

Korean musical instrument from bells

Bell from the musical instrument

The beginning of the heyday in the state of Joseon is the beginning of the 15th century, when the royal throne passed to King Sejong (세종대왕) , who is the founder of the Korean alphabet Hangul (한글) . Let me remind you that Hangul was not immediately adopted by the Yangban, i.e. the upper strata of society. And after the death of King Sejong and was considered a language for ordinary people. I already talked about this in another article.

Creating of Hangeul

Study hangeul

At this time, culture and art are also developing. In addition, the XV-XVI century in the history of Korea are considered periods of a strong push in the development of the economy and trade, medicine and science. A rain meter and a sundial were invented. Also, the craft developed. Products were created from porcelain and blue ceramics or celadon. A distinctive feature of porcelain products of the Joseon period is the simplicity and elegance of the products.

Ceramic products for special rituals

Signatures on the dishes (shows in which region was made, for which institution, etc.)

Dishes of the XV century

Dishes of the XV century

Dishes of the XV century

Dishes of the XV century

Dishes of the XV century

Dishes of the XVII-XVIII century

Dishes of the XVII-XVIII century

Dishes of the XVII-XVIII century

Dishes of the XVIII-XIX century

Dishes of the XVIII-XIX century

Dishes of the XVIII-XIX century

During the Joseon Dynasty, the famous Korean tea ceremony appeared, which is an integral part of Korea's culture to this day. And from my personal experience I will tell you that the traditional Korean tea ceremony is a whole science. It's not easy to sit at a table with friends or acquaintances and have some tea. Here you need to know how to properly brew tea, how to pour it, drink it and many, many more subtleties, which emphasized the refinement of aristocratic taste.

1887 year. Banquet in the palace

At the end of the 16th century, the Imjin War began in Korea, that is, war with Japan, which ended only in 1598. Victory in the battles at sea is considered a meritfamous and talented military leader Lee Soong Sin , who was able to repel the Japanese fleet, although the Korean fleet was in the minority. The war lasted for 6 years. After the war, most of the country's territory was like ruins. Japanese troops destroyed, burned, destroyed buildings. The royal palace of Gyeongbokkung was almost completely destroyed. The Japanese took many valuables with them. Manuscripts, ceramic and porcelain products, works of art and much more.

The Royal Throne

Weapons at Joseon

Weapons at Joseon

Weapons at Joseon (Imjin War)

Military shirt

After the war, the kingdom of Joseon for a long time restored the economy and the general situation of the country. And relations with Japan began to be established only 10 years after the end of the war.

World map

By the middle of the XVII century, the state of Joseon was subjected to frequent attacks by the Manchus.

Kings of the Joseon Dynasty

The state of Joseon gradually weakened. And in 1897, in its place appeared the Korean Empire, the founder and first emperor of which was the last 26th king of the Joseon Dynasty King Kojong (고종) . But this is another chapter in the history of the Korean Peninsula.


@irisworld


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