Killing robots are a reality !

Paul Scharre's Concerns: "Without rules, they will start killing without orders. A flash war might explode, where algorithms would command robots to fire more rapidly than any human opportunity to stop. Not at all Terminator, killer robots are a reality

Ready for killer robots? In battlefields on land, in the sea or in the sky dominated by destructive instruments independent of human control? To save the lives of soldiers, is it lawful to develop technology able to choose between life and death after feeling guilty or conscientiously killing and directed by artificial and non-human intelligence?

These questions have nothing to do with a distant future, but with the present and with the greatest transformation of the nature of conflicts in history. More than 30 countries have developed independent armaments for the moment of operation under human supervision. But the drive to become self-employed is fueled by a billion-strong industry.

One of the major Russian government suppliers has announced the study of a weapon capable of using neural networks to choose whether to shoot or not. On the other front, the US Department of Defense has featured a video of a group of 100 independent drones elevated to California sky. There was no one to control them. It is said to be a warp centaur, able to combine human and artificial knowledge. It is a rather complex topic and where official information is often kept hidden. No one is more aware than Paul Scharre. At the age of 38, the army's first lieutenant in Afghanistan and Iraq, then the Pentagon analyst, is now Director of Technology and National Security Program at the Center for a New American Security in Washington. He has collected up-to-date data and ethical concerns in a newly published book entitled "Army of None".

What is the most urgent question to ask?

"Without human control, should cars be allowed to decide on life and death?"

How urgent is this?

"There are at least 16 countries that have developed drones equipped with armaments and industries of about 90 countries are producing an endless variety of potentially independent weapons. Tanks, Submarines, Drones, Stealth ... Because death is placed in full artificial independence, technology exists. Few countries have voiced opposition, almost all expect to see possible developments. So there is a risk that the speed of technology will pass that of politics and of a necessary ethical regulation. And it's not the only one. "

What are the other dangers?

"From now on, we do not know what would happen if a system able to fire full independence ended up in a geographic area where communications with the base, that is, with man, did not work. How would it react? Then, two events need to be considered. Problems with the individualisation of the target have been identified. One thing is to understand the difference between civil and human objectives if it is about flying vehicles, ships and others, but at the human level, the risk of error is high. The same thing about enemy fire: the enemy's armor and your armor are often built by the same industries and, consequently, indistinguishable. Then, there is even an even more preoccupying front. How can we make sure that these systems are protected by hackers and cyber attacks? "

How influences the political instability of these years?

"The risk of an incident increases. At present, each country states that it has not adopted completely independent systems. My fear is that this position could change in a moment if the perception of national security would radically change because of a modification in the surrounding political environment. Then I'm good for moral limits. "

Which are the most advanced places?

"China. Then the United States, Russia, South Korea, the United Kingdom and France. The single most independent independent system is Israel, drone Harop, already sold in many places. "

In 2016, Azerbaijan used it in the Nagorno-Karabakh region, striking a caravan of Armenian soldiers. Can it be the first time that human beings are killed by an independent car. Have there been other cases?

"It is difficult to determine, as it is attempted to instantly blame man. As of 2003, a Patriot missile, equipped with an automatic engagement system, meaning without the need for human intervention, demolished two enemy planes, one American and one Englishman. "

The book talks about the dangerous convergence between the development of independent weapons and artificial intelligence advances. What could be the risk?

"Like the stock market, where a defect in the algorithm has created a flash crash, a flash war may be triggered, where algorithms interact unforeseenly, ordering the robots to fire and faster than any human opportunity to stop. When the weapons are so fast it is impossible to adhere, then there is talk of particularity in the battlefields. "

In the book describe the dangers of "doing it yourself". Is it easy to build a killer dron in a garage?

"Yes. Everything on the Internet. For a software, it's enough for a man with a fast computer science degree. "

How much money is needed?

"1000 dollars."

Five years ago, a group of NGOs, scientists and activists, including Peace Nobel Peace Prize winner Jody Williams, has launched an international campaign to stop killer robots. What has this campaign led to?

"It was essential to provoke a discussion, but for the moment only meetings have come out of meetings."

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