TECHNOLOGY OF VIRTUALIZATION

WHAT IS VIRTUALIZATION???

Virtualization is the creation of a virtual (not actual) version of an entity, such as an operating system, server, storage device or network resource. -

You probably know a bit about virtualization if you ever split your hard disk into multiple partitions. The partition divides one hard disk into two logical hard disks.

Operating system virtualization is the use of software to allow one hardware device to run multiple operating systems at the same time. This technology began on the mainframe a few decades ago to allow administrators to avoid wasting the expensive processing power or in other words improve efficiency.

In 2005, virtualization software was adopted faster than imagined, including experts. The three areas of IT where virtualization is most developed are network virtualization, storage virtualization and server virtualization:

Network virtualization is a method of combining available resources in a network by dividing available bandwidth into multiple channels, each of which is independent of each other, and each of which can be assigned (or diverted-assigned ) into multiple servers or devices in real time. The idea is that virtualization hides the complexity of the network by dividing the network into more manageable parts, much like the partitioned concept of hard drives to make it easy for file management.

virtualization:

Storage virtualization is the incorporation of the physical storage of a network of multiple storage devices into what appears to be a single device storage managed by a central console Virtualization storage commonly used in storage area networks (SANs). Server virtualization (Server virtualization) is the concealment of server resources (including the number and identity of individual physical servers, processors, and operating systems) of the user's server. The goal is to prevent users from having to understand and manage the complex details of server resources while still enabling resource sharing to improve resource utilization and maintain capacity for expansion.

Virtualization can be seen as part of an overall trend in IT companies that includes autonomic computing, a scenario in which the IT environment will be able to manage itself based on the activity it faces, and utility computing, where the power of computer processing is considered a utility paid only by client if necessary or used. The general purpose of virtualization is to centralize administrative tasks with and improve scalability and workload.

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IT Transforms Towards Virtualization and Cloud Computing

Virtualization is a technique used to create a virtual object from a real object, but has the same ability as a real object. One is the development of virtualization on the IT platform.

At the beginning of its emergence, virtualization is only used as a trial (trial) of operating system usage.

Competition development is also proprietary (licensed, paid and has a closed development properties). VMWare started the competition in 2001 with its VMWare ESX Server product, now called Virtuozzo and topped until 2006 when XEN launched its commercially-named XenServer.

In 2007, the Open Source community led by Qumranet released KVM which was further incorporated into the Linux kernel to be more sustainable.

Virtualization Market Description

The need for server device resource depletion is a key driver of the virtualization economy. The high flexibility makes virtualization more attractive.

Some virtualization solutions for the market include:

• Hypervisor for virtual server machine creation.
• Virtualization technology for sharing operating system resources (commonly called containers).
• Administrative management for server virtualization.
• Embedded management for server virtualization, such as live migration, basic automation of some administrative virtualization management functions.

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Open Source Community (Xen, KVM Hypervisor, etc.) VS Vendors Who Embed Open Source Software on Their Products

Xen and KVM are an independent open source group that developers use to develop programs in the business category. Compared to the vendor's version development results, the resulting open source can be said to be of lower value because it does not yet have additional sales on the manufacturing side of virtual machine operation, optimization, capacity planning, mobility, diagnostics, monitoring, storage management, high availability, portal etc.

From the Gartner Analysis mapping in 2012 the following results are obtained:

From the mapping, can be categorized trend of virtualization developer in the year 2010 is as follows:

• Zone Leader. Led by VMWare (www.vmware.com) based on several factors such as high understanding of the market, product strategy, business model, technological innovation, product capability and sales execution.
• Zone Challengers. In this zone there is Microsoft (www.microsoft.com/en-us/cloud/default.aspx) who is still studying the development needs to become a market leader.
• Zone Visionaries. Citrix is inhabited (www.citrix.com) with its XEN. Citrix has a pretty good understanding of the market and solid innovation and good strategy. If in the analysis, Citrix products result almost equal to VMWare.
• Zone Niche Player. This zone is filled with Red Hat, Oracle, and several other players.

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The Development of Virtualization Now

Virtualization is the basic concept of cloud computing systems. Both private cloud and public cloud. Various supporting factors that lift virtualization up to this level. Among them are the growth of computational workload, the growth rate of customer adoption, the increase of Virtual Hosted Desktop (VHD) usage on the server, the increase of IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) user, the growth of the market thanks to large organizations that first use virtualization, and product maturity - virtualization products offered by virtualization providers.

Relationship Between VPS and Cloud IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

VPS that use virtualization technology if judging from the basic concept, is actually the same as Cloud Computing type IaaS which is also a type of virtualization. Even on VPS customization can be more flexible. The difference is, Cloud Computing evolves virtualization technology with what's called "innovation". That is the ability of the server to be in many places and stay connected.

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The Concept of Virtualization Work

In general all virtualization technologies refer to "hide technical details" through encapsulation. Virtualization refers to creating virtual machines that work like a complete computer with an operating system. The term host machine refers to the machine where virtualization resides, while the guest machine refers to the virtual machine itself. And there is also a hypervisor term that refers to software or firmware that creates a virtual machine.

There are several types of virtualization :

• Para-virtualization, hardware is not simulated but guest software runs in its own domain as if it were in a different system. In this case the guest software needs to be adjusted to run.
• Virtualization in part, not all aspects of the environment are simulated, not all software can be directly run. Some need to be customized to run in this virtual environment
• Full virtualization, almost resembling the original machine (host) and able to run the software without any changes.

Hypervisor (also called Virtual Machine Monitor) is a platform or application to run virtualization techniques, which can run multiple guest OSs within the host OS. Simply put, the virtualization process is done by this firmware ranging from shared resources owned by the host machine (host) to manage the access between hardware with the operating system (guest) running on it.

As a VM manager, VMM (Virtual Machine Monitor) helps to manage running executions on simulated operating systems. Abstraction VMM is called a virtual machine (VM). The simulated hardware can be set so that it has a specification that is identical to the hardware where the VMM is implemented. VMM also can encapsulate an application that runs on it so as to facilitate the management and control of the computer system.

There are 2 types of hypervisor types :

1. Hypervisor type 1, also known as Baremetal or Native Hypervisor. Hypervisor running on hardware. This type is installed like an application that bundling with OS into one in a CPU, so it does not require installation to use it. Examples of type 1 hypervisors are VMware ESX / ESXi and Microsoft Hyper V.
2. Hypervisor type 2, also known as Hosted Hypervisor. Hypervisor serves as a software that will run and manage the virtual machine. Access to hardware resources must pass through an operating system first. So to use this hypervisor is required to install the parent OS. Examples of type 2 hypervisors are VMware Workstation, VirtualBox, and Virtual PC.

CPU Physical vs CPU Virtual

The picture shows the differences in physical architecture and virtual architecture. This CPU virtualization emphasizes performance and runs directly on the host machine's CPU. What should be noted here is that although some technology platforms guarantee an overcommitment (the ability of the platform to run multiple resources simultaneously at a time) is by no means unlimited. And there is to be remembered that CPU virtualization almost in all platforms is not an emulator. In other words, if many virtual machines run over a hypervisor, it is possible to create contention resources.

Resource contention is a condition in which each virtual machine scrambles resources from a host machine. This allows the degradation of overall resource performance, especially the virtual machines in the host machine.

Memory Physical vs Memory Virtual

Based on the above image on a non-virtual environtment, the operating system actually controls all the memory resources owned by the host machine (host). In short in non-virtual environtment if the host has 8 GB of memory then the host OS is installed on the host machine (host) is also mastered 8 GB of memory resources.

Unlike if the system owned works in the virtual environment, if the memory resource owned by the host machine (host) 8 GB is not necessarily the virtual machines have the same memory resource with the host machine (host), it could be a virtual machine only has 1, 2 , 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 GB is no more than the host machine's memory resource is 4 GB. How do these virtual machines work? In a virtual environment, the virtualization layer creates a memory address space that crosses when a virtual machine is created. It works like this that allows hypervisors to run and schedule virtual machines simultaneously while protecting each virtual machine's memory from being accessed by others.

What is to be understood is the conceptual equation that almost all sharing technology platforms including memory like this is not like an emulator, therefore the sharing of memory resources when the deployment process must be properly considered to prevent resource contention.

Network Physical vs Network Virtual

Virtual Ethernet Adapters and Virtual Switches are the keys to how virtual machines inside a host machine can connect to the Internet or public infrastructure. The virtual machine inside the host machine can be configured to have more than one virtual ethernet.

Virtual switches inside the virtual environment are tasked with making the virtual machines inside the host communicate with the same protocol. In virtual machine platforms even on virtual switches, it supports standard VLAN protocols that can be integrated with multiple devices like Cisco, Juniper, etc. Virtual switches on VMware Workstation are able to segment VLANs.

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CONCLUSION

Virtualization is not trendy or stylish, but virtualization has become a "necessity" of the limited cost of having a physical server device. Besides, virtualization includes a way for me to learn the various developments of Operating System which have been competing in recent years. there is no way we should repeatedly change operating system, but with virtualization it becomes possible.

I have some plan to create a server and router at my workplace by utilizing a Computer PC whose specifications are sufficient to support those needs. I will try to use a free server OS from Linux to avoid copyright infringement. I hope my dream can come true , because the last few weeks I am very busy as Facilitator in training of Computer Network for Teachers. besides as a Facilitator, I am also active as a Network and Computer engineer in some company.

I will share my project if my plan going as I hope.

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Credits :

1. Virtualisasi Wordpress
2. Wikipedia-Virtualisasi
3. OnOSProject
4. IBM
5. Cloud Indonesia
6. Government IT Modernization
7. Gartner
8. Virtualization Work Concept