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The web is or commonly known as the World Wide Web and it’s a virtual space that is full of information where web related resources and documents can be identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) and http protocols and can be accessed via the internet. The web was developed by a man Tim Berners-Lee who was a British scientist. He invented the World Wide Web (WWW) in 1989.

THE INTERNET

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The internet is not the same as the web but a much separate entity but still related to the web. The internet is a huge network infrastructure as it consists of networks of networks. The internet globally connect computers together enabling each computer have access to communicate with each other via protocols. They can communicate as long as they are connected to the internet.

NOTE: the web is an information sharing model that is built on top of the internet, it’s a large portion of the internet.

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The web consist of three different portions/parts.

• Surface web
• Deep web
• Dark web

SURFACE WEB aka Visible Web, Indexed Web, Indexable Web or Lightnet

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This is the portion of the web that is readily accessible and available to the masses. This are webpages that are in servers can be easily accessed via normal search engines and web browsers. Google can be best described as a search engine. The fact is that the surface web consist of just 10% of the Web. Surface web can basically be described as all search engines such as Google, yahoo and all websites that can be found on a single search on this search engines. The surface web are majorly written in html codes and their domain usually ends with .com .org .net .io and similar variations. This is the opposite of the deep web.

DEEP WEB aka invisible web, or hidden web

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The deep web is part of the web that is not visible to normal web users and the contents are not indexed by the standard search engines that we know of. The contents of the deep web are hidden behind HTML forms and the most common examples and use are web mails, hospital records, bank records, cloud storage, military data and many more. The deep web is usually used to store files that are regarded as personal and of the utmost importance to the owner. The deep web can be accessed by a direct URL or a specific ip address and would require a form of security such as password in order to gain an entry. This is the opposite of the surface web.

DARK WEB aka darknet

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This is the most dangerous part of the internet as anything you can think of happens here. Most sites here do not accept normal payment such as PayPal but untraceable and anonymous form of payments like cryptocurrency especially bitcoin. Dark web is not entirely illegal to use but only a bit of the dark web is legal as operations ranging from child pornography, drug dealing, hiring hitmen, and selling WMD weapons of mass destructions. Most dark websites work with membership and are usually monitored by the government. You can access the dark web using the TOR browser which means the onion router (sole purpose is to make a person surf the internet anonymously) Freenet, I2P, and Riffle. The sites usually have a domain ending with .onion.

NOTE: Do not access the dark web via your home network and even if you do so, make sure to cover your webcam and your microphone.

FEATURES	Surface Web	Deep Web	Dark Web
Domain	.com .net	.onion	.onion
Accessibility	web browsers	direct links or ip addresses	Tor browsers
Security	open to everyone	private and secured	highly secured
Contents	legal	legal & illegal	mostly illegal and unacceptable contents
Constitutes	4% of the web	96% of the web	remaining portion of the web

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