Basic Knowledge in Agriculture #91
Explain in detail the term "Greenhouse Farming"
Green House farming is a type of growing crops inside covered enclosures that is enclosed in clear materials such as glass or plastics like polyethylene and polycarbonate. A complete control microclimate environment which is fully controlled by growers can be provided in an enclosed facility such as greenhouse; enabling full control of such parameters as temperature, humidity, light, ventilation and moisture.
Shielding plants from the vagaries of nature, such as heat stress, rainfall, pest attack and climatic changes allows better yield and quality.
Greenhouse agriculture uses many different kinds of crop growing methods like soil cultivation or a complete absence of it using media like coco-peat or Hydroponics and Aeroponics system. Importance of greenhouse farming in agriculture Green house farming has immense importance in today’s world agriculture due to the limitations associated with field agriculture. Year-round production - In green houses we have the control over the temperature. This enables growers to grow crop all round the year, irrespective of the climate, weather or season outside.
We can cultivate and harvest high value crops during their off-season when their price is maximum in the market.
Increase in yield - The conducive environment created in the green house will lead to increased growth and development of plants, leading to significant increase in yield per square meter as against the open field. Protection from extreme climate - Green houses protects the crop from external factors such as wind, heavy rains, drought, frosts and temperature fluctuations that may damage the crop. Improved quality of the product - Plants grown in the green house will be healthier and the product quality will be much superior and Uniform as they receive an ideal environment.
Control over pests and diseases - The green house act as a barrier for pests, insects, rodents, birds etc. So the reliance on chemical pesticides can be minimized and there will be better control over the incidence of pests and diseases. Efficient resource use - Greenhouse systems, especially those that employ modern techniques such as hydroponics and drip irrigation, drastically cut water and nutrient usage compared to open field cultivation by supplying the required amount directly at root level.
Effective land utilization - Greenhouse farming allows cultivation to be performed on a large scale in limited space, facilitating crop production on marginal land that would be unproductive otherwise.
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