For the first time in history, thoughts are data.

Imagine living in a world where your boss can know exactly when you lost concentration or where a criminal investigation tries to access your memories to find out if you are lying. The accelerated advancement of brain-computer interfaces and neural activity sensors is bringing humanity into entirely new territory.

Before the stage, a silent battle began in the wings of the UN and the main research centers on the planet, at this point we are going to analyze the global race to create laws capable of protecting the most intimate data that exists in our thoughts. Until recently, accessing quality brain signals required complex surgeries and huge equipment. But recent advances in artificial intelligence, electroencephalograms, wearables and neural decoding techniques have begun to transform the brain's electrical activity into digital information.

Researchers have already demonstrated systems capable of converting neural signals into text and even reconstructing approximate images observed or imagined by experiment participants, and for the first time in history, thoughts begin to take the form of data that in theory could be stored, analyzed or even stolen, which is precisely where one of the biggest concerns of the new digital age arises. Today, large companies profit by analyzing clicks, likes, internet searches and even your identification number left in pharmacy purchases.

Tomorrow the goal could be something much more valuable, the unconscious reactions of the human brain, security specialists draw attention to the risk of so-called mindjacking, a theoretical scenario in which digital stimuli could be used to influence emotions, preferences and behaviors in an imperceptible way, although still distant from practical reality, this possibility is already enough to mobilize scientists, jurists and international organizations.

In response, neuroscientists and human rights specialists proposed a new category of protection, neurorights. Among the principles defended are the preservation of cognitive identity, the guarantee of free will, the privacy of neural data, fair access to enhancement technologies, and protection against discrimination based on brain characteristics. The goal is to ensure that future neural interfaces expand human capabilities without compromising individual freedom.

This concern is no longer just an academic discussion. Chile entered history by becoming the first country in the world to recognize the protection of brain activity as a fundamental right, incorporating neurorights into its constitutional structure. Since then, other nations and international organizations began to discuss similar regulations, starting a legal race to establish limits before neural devices become popular.

The battle for neurorights may define one of the most important issues of the 21st century, because for the first time in the history of civilization we are not just discussing who controls our machines or our data, but who will have the right to access the last truly private territory of humanity, the mind. But beyond the concerns, we also have good things happening when using technology for humanity.