oil palm fungus

INDONESIA
Cendawan Volvariella atau lebih dikenali sebagai
cendawan jerami merupakan sejenis cendawan yang semakin mendapat permintaan yang tinggi pada masa kini. Cendawan yang biasa kita lihat atau makan seperti cendawan tiram kelabu/putih, cendawan telinga kera/jeli hitam, abalon, cendawan ling zhi, shiitake cendawan butang dan banyak lagi.Cendawan ini mempunyai kandungan protein dan karbohidrat bebas (N-face cardonhydrate) yang tinggi serta berkhaisat. Cendawan jerami padi juga dipercayai boleh mencegah penyakit diabetes, kurang darah serta mempunyai kesan anti kolestrol.

Cendawan jerami boleh ditanam menggunakan media substrat jerami padi dan juga tandan kelapa sawit. Ianya juga boleh ditanam menggunakan media seperti tandan kelapa sawit, sisa kapas, sisa biji kopi, sisa sagu dan banyak lagi jenis sisa media. Tidak seperti cendawan tiram kelabu yang menggunakan media substrat habuk kayu getah. Kaedah penanaman cendawan jerami padi menggunakan tandan kelapa sawit bukan sesuai kaedah yang baru malahan telah lama di praktiskan di negara jiran, Indonesia. Penanaman cendawan ini mempunyai masalah penyimpanan dan pasaran kerana cendawan jerami tidak boleh bertahan lama (hanya boleh bertahan selama 12 – 18 jam sahaja). Justeru itu, ramai pengusaha terpaksa memetik dan menjual terus cendawan ini kepada pengguna.
Antara bahan-bahan utama yang diperlu bagi penanaman cendawan jerani padi menggunakan tandan sawit adalah tandan sawit dan benih cendawan jerami padi.

Kaedah penanaman pula melibatkan 3 langkah utama iaitu:

1. Penyediaan substrat tandan sawit

2. Penyediaan batas tanaman

3. Menabur benih cendawan

4. Memungut hasil

5. Penyediaan substrat tandan sawit

Tandan kelapa sawit dilonggok dan diperam atau dikomposkan selama 9 hari. Siram air dilakukan selang 3 hari sekali bagi melembapkan substrat. Longgokan tadi perlu ditutup dengan kanvas.

1. Penyediaan batas tanaman

Media substrat tadi di tabur dengan membentuk batas bersaiz 3’ lebar dengan 10’ atau 15’ panjang. Media perlu dipadatkan dan batas perlu disiram dengan air bagi melembapkan substrat. Kemudian benih ditabur di atas batas.

1. Menabur benih cendawan

Kemudiannya, benih ditabur di atas batas dan ditutup dengan plastik hitam selama 7 hari. Pada hari ke-8, buluh lengkung bersama plastic dipasang pada batas sebagai teduhan dan dibiarkan tertutup dengan plastic selama 7 hari. Teduhan atau lindungan ini diperlukan bagi melindungi cendawan daripada rosak serta tidak mengganggu proses tumbuhan cendawan.

1. Memungut hasil

Selepas lima hari, akan kelihatan cendawan tumbuh dan hasilnya boleh bertahan sehingga sebulan. Setiap batas bersaiz 3’ x 15’ boleh menghasilkan dua kilogram cendawan sehari. Harga setiap satu kilogram cendawan jerami pada hari ini ialah RM10.

Cendawan jerami ini sangat sesuai dengan cuaca di Malaysia dan tidak memerlukan kos tinggi. Tanaman cendawan ini akan dijadikan tanaman alternatif supaya penoreh boleh menambah pendapatan mereka melalui projek itu.Kaedah ini sesuai dijalankan secara integrasi pada tanaman kelapa atau getah.
INGGRIS
Volvariella fungus or more known as a hay fungus is a type of fungus that is increasingly getting high demand in the present. The fungus we usually see or eat is like gray / white oyster mushroom, black ape / jelly ear fungus, abalon, ling zhi fungus, shiitake fungus butang and many more. This fungus has high protein and carbohydrate (N-face cardonhydrate) as well as berkhaisat. Rice straw is also believed to prevent diabetes, lack of blood and have an impression of anti-cholesterol.

Straw fungus can be grown using rice straw substrate media and palm oil bunches. It can also be planted using media such as oil palm bunches, cotton residue, coffee beans leftover, remaining sago and many other types of media waste. Unlike gray oyster mushrooms that use medium substrate wooden sap. The method of planting rice straw fungi using palm oil bunches is not suitable for the new method which has long been practiced in neighboring country, Indonesia. The planting of this fungus has storage and market problems because the hay fungus should not last long (it can only last for 12 - 18 hours only). In fact, busy businessmen are forced to pick and sell this fungus to the user. ![image()
Among the main ingredients necessary for the planting of rice straw fungi using palm bunches are palm bunches and seeds of rice straw fungi.

Kaedah planting also involves 3 main steps namely:

1. Provision of palm bunch substrate

2. Provision of plant boundaries

3. Sow the fungus seeds

4. Pick up results

5. Provision of palm bunch substrate

Oil palm bunches are sliced ​​and composted for 9 days. Flush water done once every three days to moisturize the substrate. The yoke needs to be covered with canvas.

1. Provision of plant boundaries

The substrate medium is saturated by forming a 3 'wide limit with 10' or 15 'length. The medium needs to be compacted and the boundary needs to be watered with water for moisturizing the substrate. Then the seed is sown over the border.

1. Sow the fungus seeds

Later, the seeds were sown over the border and covered with black plastic for 7 days. On the 8th day, curved reeds along with plastic are placed on the boundary as shade and left covered with plastic for 7 days. This shade or shelter is necessary to protect the fungus from damage and does not interfere with the fungus plant process.

1. Pick up results

After five days, it will appear that the fungus is growing and the result can last for a month. Each limit of 3 'x 15' may yield two kilograms of fungus a day. The price per kilogram of straw fungus on this day is RM10
Straw fungus is very suited to the weather in Malaysia and does not require high fees. Plants of this fungus will be used as an alternative crop so that penoreh can supplement their income through the project tersebut.Kaedah is suitable to be run in the integration of coconut or sap.