Evolution

ejehpeter (36)in #science • 6 years ago (edited)

Historical geology by studying the layers of rock that make up the earth's crust find out about its past.

It is known that living things have changed over time, because their remains can be seen in the rocks and these remains are called fossils.

Evolution is simply a scientific theory used by biologists to explain how living things change over a long time, changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its environment, survive and have more offspring and how they have come to be the way they are.

The theory of evolution by natural selection was first formulated by Charles Darwin in 1859 in his book titled "On the Origin of Species"

Evolution by natural selection is one of the best substantiated theories in the history of science, supported by evidence from a wide variety of scientific disciplines, including paleontology, geology, genetics and developmental biology.
The mechanism of natural selection which involves change in small way (either in color or size) is called microevolution and while big change (new species) is called macroevolution
Darwin also described a form of natural selection that depends on an organism's success at attracting a mate, this process is called sexual selection.

Other scientist that developed a theory of evolution includes;

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Alfred Russel Wallace

Modern Understanding
The discovery of how genes encode different biological or behavioral traits, and how genes are passed down from parent to offspring. The incorporation of genetics and Darwin's theory is known as Modern Evolutionary Synthesis.
The physical and behavioral changes that make natural selection possible happen at the level of DNA and genes. Such changes are called mutation. By Pobiner, "Mutations are basically the raw material on which evolution acts".