Finding Communities: Social Network Analysis on Steemit

in #steemit8 years ago (edited)

This post presents results of social network analysis(SNA) about Steem. Based on the period between 2016/9/1 and 2016/9/28, I collected voting activities(on posts and comments) of top 1000 Steem Power holders. (Each account's MVESTS may differ since I collected them at 2016/10/11). All edges are weighted by voting weights(100% = 1), and one-time votings are removed to simplify the network.



Descriptive Statistics

The SNA analysis discovered 24 groups, but 10 of them have less than 2 members so they were removed and finally I obtained 14 groups. Here is the descriptive statistics of each group.

GroupMembersMVESTS
110326305.8
210339480.4
38429052.7
46514150.6
5639405.4
64513095.2
7273500.4
82210553.1
9211041.6
10141353.4
1114629.9
1212904.2
135335.7
144653.7
Total582150462.1




Interaction among Groups

The following two tables will show interactions among groups. The rows represent "from" and the columns means "to". For instance, in the first table the value 1,401 at the second row and the first column means that "Group 2 gives 1401 votes to Group 1". In the second table the value means payout, so we can say like "Group 3 rewards 100 dollars to Group 2".

Voting Count

Count1234567
11803026623913251633385441142
2140139391188800108038637
330261368552610341445107352
4466616601946501816461715103
52661110311746995511109520
620787301066781635469935
710642662693122364471039
826345411329681582123821
9138049361360042437123
105656957326260
1164019519517117918313
12213158205123142254
1310669533263410
1471729372260
Total3796213257176011287715329167461489
Count891011121314Total
11630414378213531818839404
23031631615118211599761
3488297157983735415215143
49254461871514411313419051
541117593150187210513386
63811395513717496510984
713747281444283913
82172142971601684489817
92241722371331250306175
105222892419001321
1169332885843082615
1225501331036082005
13321768192716723
1405002013481473
Total684936722132198033443742159135771


Payout

Payout1234567
111472488951559571262735243000285
2103612316664002316143803755165
34566269522514243126836456462
480904214535464277296341141
5246534283996597771114025
639872880858490727686615069
716257079512394941289781
8798152613226667561114661
98143162841273913027
1015198465748130
115652521675948820411
12254193228182202131
1331271221290
14471324850
Total155482522396737021161694441274751828
Payout891011121314Total
13048228011392016162917225999
21127224514108243822762994
385514248667296432157445659
41625398129174361818737643
59411816635072921295
646982152366065021386953
76910330549146275
8729842527242410033184033993
960181144390222561
1016917596015001174
111384189350121944
1238363702690571510
1341802322142
14000000141202
Total148693815423777146498694135528344




Within Group

The following tables show top 5 reward contributors and beneficianry within each group. So the number of voter column means that an account gave that much rewards to his/her group. And author column means that an account received that amount of rewards from his/her group members.

Group 1

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
smooth58043gavvet22004
smooth.witness10746knozaki201518173
steemit2006040terrycraft17753
recursive5820sirwinchester13249
satoshifund4284serejandmyself6882

Group 2

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
ned5562.00roelandp6535
dantheman4882.00dantheman3143
summon3258.00officialfuzzy1745
steempty2417.00good-karma1708
riverhead1613.00someguy1231330

Group 3

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
berniesanders11310curie6413.00
val-a2044anwenbaumeister2577.00
nextgencrypto1842infovore2122.00
donkeypong1578kevinwong1764.00
pharesim1160the-alien1434.00

Group 4

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
wang2316alexbeyman1369.00
rainman887susanne1266.00
xeldal791kaylinart597.00
enki575jpiper20563.00
witness.svk316dana-edwards489.00

Group 5

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
jamesc5033.000tftproject1618
xeroc1006.000charlieshrem1536
dollarvigilante468.000dollarvigilante1440
charlieshrem218.000sterlinluxan1028
steve-walschot96.000steemdrive603

Group 6

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
steemed23956ericvancewalton14132
itsascam22726lifeisawesome6301
complexring7583ozchartart6076
kushed5268calaber24p6054
steemroller2675honeyscribe5790

Group 7

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
clayop471clayop306
renohq118jack8831175
slowwalker39woo7739113
leesunmoo33slowwalker74
publicworker27publicworker40

Group 8

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
blocktrades5477markrmorrisjr4999
abit1358steemrollin618
laonie168sweetsssj450
steemrollin90laonie352
somebody33myfirst271

Group 9

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
neoxian57halo84
sean-king39thecryptofiend33
will-zewe15neoxian22
me-tarzan13sean-king17
fabio11fabio9

Group 10

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
onceuponatime372kus-knee160
erath70kencode159
marginal70onceuponatime117
indominon23piedpiper78
piedpiper22eric-boucher46

Group 11

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
craig-grant51craig-grant64
james21224crypt07
noaommerrr5onesunbeingnow7
paco4trevonjb5
crypt03james2123

Group 12

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
stellabelle154stellabelle163
tuck-fheman84tuck-fheman63
sigmajin12williambanks19
billbutler11sigmajin14
amartinezque2demotruk3

Group 13

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
ramta25mandibil17
xpilar5xpilar9
mandibil1ramta5
tommyhansen1tommyhansen1
barbro0barbro0

Group 14

VoterAmountAuthorAmount
adm94steemcleaners88
anyx32cheetah35
cheetah13adm11
steemcleaners2anyx7
NANANANA




Between Groups

Compared to between group tables, the folling tables present top 5 accounts who get rewards from outside members(Influx), or provide rewards to outside group members(Outflux).



Group 1

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
gavvet5327smooth42311
timsaid4427steemit2008708
knozaki20154175smooth.witness7799
smailer3303recursive7113
sirwinchester3280au1nethyb15633

Group 2

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
roelandp5884riverhead11305
dantheman3637dantheman10541
officialfuzzy3347steempty4434
someguy1233016summon4019
jesta2620ned2650

Group 3

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
infovore7659berniesanders10052
cryptogee5923pharesim2673
curie5541tombstone1871
furion4838nextgencrypto1317
anwenbaumeister3697val-a731

Group 4

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
jpiper204116wang8902
pfunk2149xeldal4724
jamtaylor1671enki3452
dana-edwards1349rainman3362
kaylinart1054recursive31178

Group 5

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
charlieshrem19713jamesc8355
dollarvigilante10107xeroc2182
steve-walschot4247dollarvigilante702
larkenrose3439charlieshrem486
barrycooper2961steve-walschot240

Group 6

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
ericvancewalton16110complexring8653
calaber24p8841steemed2671
jamielefay6799itsascam2514
ozchartart4902kushed1952
sascha3848silversteem1819

Group 7

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
clayop981renohq2253
jack883150slowwalker1875
woo773914clayop851
slowwalker2leesunmoo180
abdullar0vip160

Group 8

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
markrmorrisjr2474blocktrades20499
sweetsssj2187laonie2862
steemrollin901steemrollin1236
neilstrauss683somebody501
sisterholics352kimziv424

Group 9

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
halo1683neoxian515
thecryptofiend1442will-zewe435
movievertigo197asmolokalo323
fabio131sean-king290
sean-king103knircky206

Group 10

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
kencode2301onceuponatime449
piedpiper1108eric-boucher36
kus-knee224marginal24
eric-boucher5erath16
onceuponatime3kencode15

Group 11

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
onesunbeingnow333james212997
crypt0158craig-grant351
trevonjb97noaommerrr326
craig-grant68paco101
steemit-life23steemit-life30

Group 12

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
williambanks1644tuck-fheman669
stellabelle1259stellabelle368
mynameisbrian871billbutler87
sigmajin396demotruk53
tuck-fheman204sigmajin37

Group 13

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
mandibil837mandibil44
ramta0ramta33
NANAxpilar32
NANAtommyhansen1
NANAbarbro0

Group 14

InfluxAmountOutfluxAmount
steemcleaners2794anyx39
anyx1051adm22
cheetah147steemcleaners0
adm2NANA
NANANANA




Other Stats

I produced some other stats in addition to the descriptive statistics. Avg. Votes means average voting counts that a group member casted, meanwhile Avg. Voted means the average number of votes a group member received (Rewards and Rewarded are similar). Within/Influx is a ratio between payouts within group and influx, which imply self-sustainability, while Without/Outflux measures exclusiveness.

GroupSizeMVESTSAvg.MVESTSAvg.VotesAvg.VotedAvg.RewardsAvg.RewardedWithin/InfluxWithin/Outflux
110326306255383369219415102.811.03
210339480383951296125070.800.58
384290533461802105448020.500.97
465141512182931985793260.440.21
563940514921224333811020.120.57
64513095291244372193228331.083.18
727350013014555232680.750.14
8221055348044631115456760.960.27
9211042502941751221820.050.08
101413539794152843030.161.03
111463045187141139550.130.05
1212904751672791263870.060.22
1353366714575281740.040.29
1446541633685405110340.042.31






Appendix: Account List of Groups

Group 1

AccountMVESTS
smooth6166.6
firstclass1464.2
skywalker1401.3
smooth.witness1255.5
steemit2001200.6
freedom1172.9
bitcoin2016934.1
au1nethyb1930
paladin853.6
satoshifund774.9
recursive657.8
badassmother546.4
joseph540.5
simpson502.1
elixir491.1
hr1455.7
bmw407.6
steemychicken1350.4
fantasy345
cryptoctopus339.6
disney336.3
galaxy322.7
rossco99318.4
gavvet305.3
moment267.1
cyber239.6
boombastic208.2
nanzo-scoop204.8
rok-sivante193.3
masteryoda165.6
boatymcboatface162.3
eeks150.4
barrie137.1
eternity133.7
knozaki2015126.1
andrarchy115.1
panadacoin102
void86.7
taoteh122180.8
sirwinchester80.3
jackkang79.5
heiditravels78.7
nabilov77.7
hisnameisolllie67.2
terrycraft67.2
asksisk64.5
trogdor56.4
streemian51.8
serejandmyself48.3
mummyimperfect46.1
opheliafu43.7
dragonslayer10943.5
guerrint43.4
johnsmith43.4
domino42.1
bridgetbunchy41.2
doudou25266640.2
jacor37.5
highasfuck34.9
katecloud33.2
gabbans32.5
corbettreport32.5
timsaid31.7
dragonho30.9
mrs.agsexplorer28
icfiedler27.8
asch27.1
joele26.9
krishtopa22.9
rubybian21.9
crazymumzysa21.5
marius1921.1
alexandra-renee20.6
stephencurry18.7
theshell17.8
acidsun17.7
emily-cook17.5
smailer17.3
ethereums116.3
hr00215
sponge-bob14.9
brains14.9
lukewearechange14.7
malaiandrueth14.3
jasonmcz14.2
lehard14
tomino13.9
ak202013.4
celebr1ty13.1
mikemiziner13.1
ratel13.1
hannixx4212
anonymint11.1
daxon10.5
sextusempiricus10.3
jaewoocho10.2
gvargas12310
creemej10
capitalism9.5
mraytekin9.3
tsugimoto9.2
honeythief9.2
zahnspange9

Group 2

AccountMVESTS
ned12189.1
dantheman5401.7
summon2723.2
blackjack2217.9
riverhead1616.8
steempty1578.1
arhag1483.7
proskynneo1320.6
fuzzyvest1241.3
datasecuritynode1113.3
alphabet726.4
excalibur701.3
bhuz480.7
diaphanous455.4
fminerten428.8
books365
klm323.2
butterfly304.2
anonymous292.1
commedy288.2
steempower269.7
cass247.7
ihashfury244.3
liondani239.1
fyrstikken201
jesta190
hermes-miner163.2
hermes135
neogen1128.1
roelandp116.8
modprobe108.2
officialfuzzy101.3
ajvest97.6
bunkermining96.5
thorium193
thorium281.5
ash68
oldtimer66.3
vortac63.3
robrigo53.6
gtg52.6
freeyourmind52.5
lovejoy50.3
steem-id48.8
pheonike47.9
fmooo46.8
hephaestus45.6
mauricemikkers45.1
greenman42.3
bitshares.org41.6
abderus41.2
peerplays39.7
pkattera34.1
flyingmind31.5
vato31
albensilverberg30.2
aphrodite28.6
chris421028.2
blockchainbunker27.5
faddat25
someguy12324.9
stan24.3
linouxis924
driv3n23.7
beervangeer23.5
aquarius.com22.9
sandra22.8
good-karma22
forrestwillie21.1
fund.com20.5
testz20.2
inertia20
igl0019.8
krnel19.4
tosch16.8
kingscrown16.7
nicknick16.7
rabbitminer16.6
kennyrowe16
jwest4015.7
dorit-israeli15.7
ingenesist14.1
streetstyle13.2
simba13
suika12.9
picokernel12.8
bangking12.7
oaldamster12.6
poteshnik8312.3
klye12
jacobcards11.8
jimmco11.7
nonlinearone11.7
noisy11.1
zantel55510.9
windsok10.8
minosman10
blocktech9.9
proctologic9.9
martin-wichmann9.9
karnal9.5
creationlayer9.5
intelliguy9.1

Group 3

AccountMVESTS
berniesanders6357.3
val-a6005.9
tombstone4135.8
val-b3137.4
pharesim1970.7
roadscape1565.3
nextgencrypto1101.4
donkeypong570.5
silver401.6
hipster201.4
yan-kovalenko198.6
creat0r197.7
cryptogee191.1
anwenbaumeister179
steemship166.5
katyakov160.8
kevinwong155.4
justin150.2
infovore141.3
clains127.8
steemservices110.2
the-alien109
blakemiles8486.3
liberosist71.2
curie69.3
teamsteem68.1
thecyclist65.4
innuendo63.6
lukestokes61.6
theoretical61.3
furion48.7
wingz46.4
shaka45.6
nextgenwitness45
blueorgy44.5
derekareith43.5
camilla43
gardenlady39.4
marina36.5
samuel-stone36.5
pairmike34.5
victor-lucas32.8
coinbitgold30
shenanigator29.4
itsjoeco28.7
team27.1
schro26.6
psylains25.6
justtryme9023.7
anotherjoe22.6
djleo22.5
razvanelulmarin21.1
cryptos18.9
limitless18.4
bitcalm18.1
pmartynov17.4
ntomaino16.8
lizik15.4
noganoo15.3
ilanaakoundi15.2
jacobt15.1
technology14.9
allasyummyfood14.6
norbu14.6
beerbloke14.1
sauravrungta13.5
meerkat13.3
pnc13.3
luminousvisions12.6
papa-pepper12.2
avarice11.9
jasonstaggers11.8
goldmatters11.6
arcurus11.1
luke-crowley10.9
royaltiffany10.9
daut4410.6
dwinblood9.9
mrwang9.9
firepower9.6
tshering-tamang9.4
nphacker8.8
biophil8.7
team-leibniz8.5

Group 4

AccountMVESTS
rainman3213
xeldal1575.2
wang1457.5
wackou1449.3
witness.svk1272.3
enki1168.8
lafona-miner589.8
samupaha448.4
delegate.lafona318.7
benjojo292.5
pfunk176.5
cyrano.witness164.2
juneaugoldbuyer133.9
bue115
jl777108.7
lafona105.2
dana-edwards103.6
glitterfart100
kaylinart95.5
recursive294.2
recursive393.4
cyrano82
chitty65.3
thylbom59.5
lafona559.4
pal58.2
originate55.5
jamtaylor46.3
svk37
friend236.5
ikigai34.4
gbert30.5
chhaylin28.2
alexbeyman27.3
miacats23.1
kenny-crane22.8
penambang22.7
irina-ari21.8
roy201621.4
midnas-howler19.3
mctiller19.1
william-noe18.4
funny18
jpiper2017.9
susanne17.8
manthostsakirid17.5
soulsistashakti17
albertogm15.1
lauralemons15.1
claudiop6314.4
steemingnow13.5
robsteady11.6
milestone11.5
ftlian11.4
shark11.3
alexgr11.2
k47110.3
r4fken9.8
orm9.6
rampant9.5
treeshaface8.9
jay-kopinski8.8
proto8.8
hitmeasap8.7
lindee-hamner8.5

Group 5

AccountMVESTS
jamesc6983.2
xeroc407.3
charlieshrem228.5
dollarvigilante203.2
steve-walschot96.2
steemitblog91.7
chryspano82.4
helikopterben78.6
robinhoodwhale72
bobbylee68.4
salva8262.8
churdtzu55.4
leon-fu55.2
smooth-e46.9
steemdrive40.3
alexc39.8
mexbit35.7
thedashguy34.9
repholder34.3
bravenewcoin32.1
falkvinge31.6
vitaly-lvov30.7
larkenrose29
charleshosk27.9
sterlinluxan26.7
barrycooper24.7
steemsports23.2
cdubendo21.2
coindup20.1
juanlibertad19.2
venuspcs17.5
bacchist17.3
tracemayer17.3
ramblin-bob16.9
thecryptodrive16.6
tatianamoroz15.7
gomeravibz15.7
easteagle1315.1
tim-johnston14.9
squirrellywrath13.6
dragonanarchist13.2
scrawl12.3
jason12.1
isteemit12
kanoptx11.9
krypto11.5
rossulbricht11.3
tftproject10.9
skum10.7
acidyo10.6
hilarski10.6
exploretraveler10.5
condra10.2
menta10.1
kyriacos9.9
emancipatedhuman9.9
marketingmonk9.7
cryptoiskey9.7
brandonp9.7
ranko-k8.9
mattclarke8.8
clement8.6
michaelx8.5

Group 6

AccountMVESTS
steemed3480.7
itsascam3222.9
complexring1582.6
kushed1088.7
silversteem982.8
apple390.8
steemroller378.2
testdrive282
ericvancewalton163.2
microsoft125.3
calaber24p99.4
stone195.2
hedge-x88.5
berkah74.5
ozchartart74.1
fairytalelife66.7
cornerstone65.5
jamielefay60.5
a4853.9
b0y2k48.5
sascha46.4
lifeisawesome44.1
tomkirkham43.2
alex90342fastn141.2
geoffrey40.6
aizensou35.7
ozmaster34.2
honeyscribe31.7
fminer0531.4
edgeland31.2
dashpaymag31
thisisbenbrick29.9
mibenkito29
msgivings28.8
eneismijmich28.2
bonapartist21.2
natureofbeing16.8
healthyrecipes14.9
richman14.9
donaldtrump14.7
justinlaak14.5
tinfoilfedora14
juanmiguelsalas11.9
lovelace11.8
stoner199.9

Group 7

AccountMVESTS
clayop1294.7
renohq478.5
thisvsthis316.2
slowwalker200.7
arama161.1
ioc148.4
publicworker135.1
leesunmoo114.3
inchonbitcoin81.5
woo773979.5
abdullar72
lighthil66.6
skt61.3
signalandnoise31.6
ssm181028.5
killerstorm28
vip27.8
booja25.9
sunsallo22
dubi21.8
kdj19.5
jyp19.4
jack883116.1
cyan9115.1
sonzweil15
yongyoon11.4
rednetkjh8.4

Group 8

AccountMVESTS
blocktrades8052.9
abit1550.2
laonie317.8
steemrollin166.5
somebody66.4
kimziv52.5
xiaohui38.5
dan-bn36
bonface29.6
vattle.com26.8
markrmorrisjr23.6
rea22.9
neilstrauss21
jchch20
ezzy19.9
btshuang19.5
sweetsssj18.7
cnfund18.6
midnightoil14.2
myfirst14
deanliu13.3
sisterholics10.2

Group 9

AccountMVESTS
sean-king292.5
neoxian129.7
toxic117.8
fabio78.4
asmolokalo59.7
twinner47.5
knircky45.7
will-zewe44.5
thecryptofiend41.1
unosuke19.8
me-tarzan19.3
herzmeister19.2
movievertigo17.6
halo17
neptun16.8
leta-blake16.4
otisbrown14.8
steemit.academy12
persianqueen11.6
redpalestino11.4
sbq777t8.8

Group 10

AccountMVESTS
onceuponatime678
piedpiper146.3
marginal131.9
erath131.7
kencode111
indominon49.7
eric-boucher20.2
friend516.4
vault13.9
idealist13.5
kus-knee11.6
full-steem-ahead10.8
twiceuponatime9.5
steem-samiam8.9

Group 11

AccountMVESTS
james212212.4
craig-grant102.7
noaommerrr96.4
joshbreslauer31.6
paco27.2
steemit-life25.3
sephiroth24.8
crypt022.4
trevonjb18.1
freedomengineer16.7
blocktalk16.6
nenad-ristic14.4
onesunbeingnow12.7
marco-delsalto8.6

Group 12

AccountMVESTS
stellabelle453.3
tuck-fheman226.7
billbutler53.3
demotruk40.1
chhayll25.8
sigmajin25.2
amartinezque21
williambanks17
business11.2
aenor10.6
mynameisbrian10.3
alyssas9.7

Group 13

AccountMVESTS
ramta203.7
xpilar66
barbro36.8
mandibil17.3
tommyhansen11.9

Group 14

AccountMVESTS
adm501.6
anyx115.3
steemcleaners23.3
cheetah13.5
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Interesting. I'd like to see the code you used become open-sourced to verify algorithmic correctness (as that is the whole point of OS!) and perhaps used to put together a more visually aesthetic representation.

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To Korean community
여기서 kr 커뮤니티는 Group 7 입니다 ^^ 본인 계정 확인해보세요~ (리치리스트 1000등에 들 경우에만 해당됩니다)

Very interesting research. I wonder how much time you've spent on this.
And why you have covered only the period up to 2016/9/28?
Are you going to publish these on weekly basis?

I spent about 20 hours for this because I had no idea about SNA. The two missing days are due to my server's fault (memory shortage) I missed some data of these two days so I removed them. (yeah too lazy...😋)

I think your notion of allocating rewards to individual voters is inherently invalid. Rewards are awarded by the collaborative process of all voters (including both up and downvotes) working together. This even includes voters on other posts that occur at the same time. Interesting research though. Upvoted.

EDIT: Also questionable is stability of the results over time. My two accounts show two different authors yet the accounts have voted in an identical manner (automated to behave as a single account) since July if not earlier. Only in the initial period was there any difference (second account was generally not voting at all). I have no idea to what extent this carries over to the rest of the data but given massive changes in usage since the start, and concentration of rewards during the peak market price period of July-August, I think significant.

That's true, so I used voting counts to cluster communities. Instead of payout(vshares), rshares is more accurate measurement, but payout still have practical implication because it shows usage and allocation of resources (rewards)

In practice what it shows is mostly what happened during July and August. With 95% price (reward pool) decline (and similarly much lower price earlier), the weighting is extreme, and largely excludes most platform usage. Good that clustering is done using rshares.

IMO, clustering by rshares less makes sense because the variance is very high and as a result all whales can be into the same group. (that is, it make big stakeholders closer). But when I have a change, I can do it. Thanks for your feedback!

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