Particle physics world : Scientists are Detective.

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Years ago, the first part of the world's largest experiment was completed by the efforts of many countries of the world, and by the initiative of CERN, in one place near the Border of France and Switzerland. Large Hadron Collider, or L.H.C. particle in brief, assured the physicists that they were not going wrong. Two years after the launch of the Large Hadron Collider. There are many hopefuls on this test. But, the question is, what is this particle physics?Which scientists are running behind the question? How do they work?

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Have you ever thought, all the things around us are made of exactly?
If we start breaking with an object, and if I continue to break, what will I get? Of course the question is not today. From the time of ancient philosophers, such as at the time of Indian philosophical particle, the question has begun.
From the scientific point of view, the first answer to this question comes in the beginning of the nineteenth century. British physicist Dalton said that every substance, as it seems to be in sight, is composed of numerous atoms. Then at one time the people came to know how the structure of an atom It was found that at the center of the atom there is a very positive nucleus, and the center of the negative electrons rotates around it.

But the curiosity of the people did not end here. He wanted to enter into the nucleus. Found neutron, proton. Nuclear Physics Begins However, the question is not there anymore. Proton, neutrons - are they the basic particle or fundamental particle? They can not be broken?

Particle Physics started on

Here the journey started with high energy physics or particle physics.

The first question that comes to mind is why it is high energy? If we had a high-powered microscope, which could peek inside the nucleus, then the latta would have gone. Undoubtedly everyone would have jumped for this device. But unfortunately, such a device can not be made. Because, to work on a microscope, what I want to see, there must be a collision with photocopies or photons, and then those particles have to be seen in our eyes. But the clash that we are thinking about here, in most cases, the lightening of Fifteen is achieved. Do not touch us.

So what's the way?

In our childhood, many people have tried to break a toy, know exactly what it is. Scientists took this route. What did they do, pushing the flow of various particles in front of them. Then, from the ruins, asked Kanada's behavior, mass and other religions. Asked about the collision of two cars in front, the car engine is a company's company.

That is why this division of physics has high power. In this break-through method, the basic particle found in one quark, gluon, w / z Boson particle, mion, tao particle etc. were found. It is known that protons and neutrons are not basic particles. They are composed of quark particles, and together with multiple quark particles glueon particles exchange nucleus are in . The latest additions to the particles of the Higgs boson particle . It was not being examined by the laboratory examination. At the end of 2012, in the CERN laboratory in Switzerland it was announced that this particle may have been seen.

Finding new particles is not straightforward

Nature is mysterious. The physicists who seek new particles in the laboratory are not easy at all . If we use the comparison of car collisions, the problem is that the normal car pieces that can be seen as a result of the collision are not guaranteed. Sometimes the truck can come out!

Thinking of the story of the gooseberries? You have heard of Einstein's theory of relativity. I am talking about the E = mc 2 equation, by which the mass (m) is converted into energy (E). In the equation c is the speed of light, a very large number. Therefore, seeing the equation, you can understand that the power of the mountain takes a little mass.

As a childhood, as we tried to know about breaking the toy, what is made of it, it is possible to know that the behavior of the Particle , mass and other religions can be traced to the flow of particles. Try to know what the universe is made of.

Earlier I said, clandestine clues were clamped with huge force to see the new particles. That power is so much that it can be transformed into some energy and that power is responsible for the birth of another particle. Therefore, the combined mass of the two proton particles around the GeV- but 3 of the top quark mass of 173 GeV collision, we can get up to. This extra mass is coming from the Particle two of protons.

What seems to all mess up? How can you know when a particle will be made? Even the scientists have ended up till the end. In the long-term efforts (about 50 years), the standard model was created in connection with the theory and examination. The particles we have now learned are adhering to this model (characterized by a spatial particle called neutrinos 4 slightly different). What are some particles that can be made, how many chances of particle particles from the same particle are created, it is known from this theory. And today the study has been studied in particle, there is no reason to believe this standard model is wrong.

     The standard model is the list of the particles, and the letters in the box are the sign of the particles. Quart of purple, 
      and leghtan in green. We call them a matrix particle, because they (especially up to quarks, down quarks and 
       electrons) create objects around us. Laal Gage Boosan, the force (force), which means attraction or repulsion, is 
       produced by sharing it. And finally, the Higgs boson in the yellow box, whose work masses the material

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Particle Physicist or Detective

Two very high particles of particles hit the torrent, I got to know some particles will be created. But the problem is, how will we catch the particles created? Here scientists have to go to detective.

After every particle has been created, it rises with strong power. If we can in some way capture the particles in the cage! But the particles are very high energy, so that they do not have a cage. And so the big detectors created. Their work is actually very common, what is the power of those particles pushing on them, how much it is calculated

I talked about Detective a little earlier, wondering what is the need for intelligence in this science? Say so then After a clash, we see what the particle was from the clash. But just do not know what particles were released, because the same particles can emerge from different clashes. So what happened exactly, to try to find out is to reconstruct the conflict. Just as the detective collects clues from the crime spot and trying to understand how the crime is happening. Similarly, it is also tried to measure the strength of all the particles, then it is seen that they were created in the conflict of some particles, and what other particles were formed with them.If you can do it properly then only good.

     Here is a reconstructed picture of a collision caught in CERN's CMS detector. In this photo, a Higgs boson broke into 
      two photons. Photon particles have been shown with two tall green straight lines. Photon particles are unstressed, 
    so magnetic fields can not curl them. The yellow color has been shown in the clashes, many other particles. If you 
    look a little bit, they can see the curves of many of them curved. They have the charge, so the magnets can bend 
       them. Can you tell the picture, exactly where the shock?

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Particle physics still has to be left

Surely, the standard model tells about our particle religion, we are able to catch the particles with the help of detectors, then what are the scientists still trying to do so by clashing so much of the particles? According to the space scientists, whatever is around us, even the Sun-stars and stars, the things they made are only 5% of the total mass of the universe. Apart from these, 27% is called Dark Matter, and 68% Dark Energy 5 . Their names are dark or dark because they do not tell about their appearance except in gravity. Scientists are trying to create Dark Matter in CERN's laboratory. If successful, it will add another feather to the crown of human civilization.

Stand up, wait, just say that Dark Matter or Dark Energy can not be known apart from gravity, and CERN's scientists will catch it in their detectors? How is that possible? ' Great question! Well, if this dark matter is made in CERN, it is impossible to detect them directly. But there is nothing to be weary of, we know the source of the power of the energy. That is, the force and mass of the particles before the collision took place, even after the collision, the total mass and strength of the new particles would be equal. If Dark Matter is created in our clutches, then they will get out of the Detectors and they will not be able to catch their power. But then we will be able to use the formulas of power-solved as to how much energy we have gone beyond our reckoning.

As told here as easily, the task is not so simple but I talked about the ghostly neutrinos particles long ago. It's very tough to catch them too. Every moment, through our body millions of neutrino particles are running out, we can not even get a tattoo. CERN is also made up of them, and they do not have the power to calculate the weight. Moreover, 100 percent of detectors do not work properly. They sometimes make a little mistake as well. So particle-physicists have to be a little cautious, to understand how neutrinos can emerge, or what can make mistakes as detectors. To understand that, scientists have to step in to surrender.

According to the scientists, the standard model is not the last word. Nowhere else is something new that is hidden, which is unknown to us today. Many scientists have given many theories, but they have to pass in the examination, otherwise it will be known how nature drives itself in the rules. CERN's scientists are now exactly doing this.

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Other chunks:

[1] Interactions between particles are interchangeable or interchangeable. Electromagnetic force is transmitted through the exchange of photon particles, through Strong Force gluon particles, the Wiki Force w / Z bosan particles. Gravity is assumed to be transmitted through gravity particles. However, Graviton particle is not yet detected in the laboratory.

[2] The Higgs boson ear is named God Particle, though God has nothing to do with it. Physicist Lyon Ledderman introduced the phrase. But he first wanted to be called Goddamm particle, Publishers did not agree. From that God's name has survived. However, CERN scientists have no desire to find God.

[3] GeV stands for 10 ⁹ eV, where 1 eV = 1.6 * 10 ^-19 July. It is, in fact, the unit of energy, but since the mass and the power can be transformed into one another, in this case, the mass of the power is measured instead of the mass of the unit.

[4] Spooky because they do not adhere to the exact standard model, such as the standard model neutrinos are massless, but experiments have proved that neutrinos have very little mass (less than 1 eV).

[5] Some scientists do not accept the existence of Dark Matter. According to them, changing the universe of Einstein's gravity is possible without explaining the dark matter.