Computerproblems - playing videos

These past coupe of days, most videos I try to play on my laptop do not work properly.
I am usually on Google Chrome, and at first I thought it was the OS. But then I realized I cannot play my stored videos from my files either.
On Chrome Forum I found a similar complaint:

I need help. Google Chrome, since the last update, won't let me play videos
so I added my own 2 cents worth to the Forum:

I said:
For me, this just started recently (a few days ago) and it does not affect all videos, just some seemingly at random (some work, some don't). I went through my YouTube uploads, and its about half of them that do not play, just show a blurry zoomed-in image. I switched browsers, it does the same on Opera and IE (have not tried Edge, I hate it because it hangs up) - the only browser without any problems is Firefox!
Its not just YouTube, so the problem is not on their end, but the same happens on Vimeo and Facebook videos. Again, no problem on Firefox!
Strange also: I went to YouTube and filtered a search for most recent videos in the last hour, and randomly played some: the all played OK on Google Chrome.
My next test will be to re-upload one of my short videos that failed before, and see what it does now. Stay tuned.
I didn't even get that far: failed again - it does not matter with what I open any of my stored videos, they all screw up - so it is a Microsoft problem.
I have several video player apps, and the only one that works is VLC Video Player. It is the ONLY app where I can play my saved videos on my computer!
I don't know what the bottom line would be, but to watch videos Firefox is the only one that works for me, and the videos stored on my computer I can only watch on VLC Media Player.
Everything else screws up!

To summarize:
If I use Firefox, the on-line videos all work fine (YouTube, Vimeo, Facebook etc).
For my computer video files, only my VLC Media Player works, all other apps don't (not even Windows Movie Maker, which I had used for all my video editing so far).

Here is one of my YT videos that do not work for me on Chrome, but works fine on Firefox:

For me to look at this post in Chrome, the video is as described, garbled. I check this post in Firefox, and it works.
The worst part of this is that no matter what, I cannot play any of my videos from my computer files. Nor can I edit anything in Windows Movie Maker, since they load up garbled to begin with.

If someone has a solution, please let me know. Windows is updated, and so are the drivers. But if the drivers were at fault, then why can I play without problems with the VLC app and watch on Firefox?

UPDATE: I can play the same (and other ones of my videos from YT) on my Android Phone without any problems.
If you are on Windows and you use Chrome, and you can see this video without problems, please let me know.

I have a small, on its last legs notebook - takes very long to just sign in. Same: Windows, Chrome. No problem with video files, but that computer is awfully slow. Takes forever to load anything.
Also: I transferred a test video (that just does not work, like described, on my laptop) with Airdroid to my Android phone, plays on it without problem.