The Influence of Culture Against Architecture: Human Relations with Architecture

After several attempts to write about science, I may still lack regulatory understanding and a lot of mistakes in writing, too panicked with who will read with my article. Ha ha

But this time I will be more active in writing and I may focus more on the science of architecture and technology. I am a tech crazy architect. Yes is not technology now is mandatory, but behind it I want to discuss about Architecture and Culture.

Basically humans mostly forget the meaning of life, the essence of human beings created by God, and usually humans are bound by the customs we commonly call the culture. This is often caused by several factors that influence in its development. Some of them are like rapid technological advancement, modernization or increasing globalization. It's true I call the technology again: D

Pixabay : CC0 Creative Commons

In the history of human beings who previously had a primitive and thick culture of art, religion, and manners that have been passed down from generation to generation continues gradually change with the times and technological advances. Humans who once greeted each other when met on the street now rarely happen because more busy with technology. The growing nature of individualism that occurs mainly in urban society is one concrete example of the rapid technological developments that continue to influence culture.

Architecture has a positive development considering the more awards given to architects and architectural works that are considered inspirational. Media discussed the architecture was mushrooming apart from its instant and kitsch cargo. Architects are increasingly popular and accepted by the public. In the midst of this progress, I think this country needs new lighthouses. The controversial but ultimately boasted, the gigantic and the world's literate. The philosophical and meaningful in and out of the nation, full of symbolic meanings that the community favored. The architecture of the recipient awards of the cool architects of a country has always been an inspiration to all circles. Not only because they mostly make the design of private buildings (houses), but also a rare opportunity in an architectural project.

The Rathas in Mahabalipuram-Tamil Nadu [CC BY-SA 3.0]

In the culture society can be interpreted "The general body of the art" which includes the art of literature, music art, sculpture, art, and knowledge of philosophy. And finally came to the conclusion that Culture is the whole of human knowledge it possesses as a social being used to understand and interpret the environment it faces (the natural environment and the social environment). Culture serves as a tool to meet the needs of the underlying culture and encourage the realization of a behavior as the fulfillment of the needs arise. These needs include physical, spiritual, social needs. Tangible culture as a complex of ideas, values, norms, rules and so on that are abstract, lies within the human mind. Culture can be distinguished according to the underlying stage of mind: mythic, ontological, functional.

Scope of Architecture and Culture

According to Vitruvius in his book De Architectura (which is the oldest written source that still exists today), good buildings must have Beauty / Aesthetics (Venustas), Strength (Firmity), and Usefulness / Function (Utility); architecture can be said to be a balance and coordination between the three elements, and no one element beyond the other. In modern definitions, architecture should include functional, aesthetic, and psychological considerations. However, it can be said also that the element of the function itself in it already includes both aesthetic and psychological elements.

He also added that an architect should be fluent in the field of music, astronomy, and so on. Philosophy is one of the main approaches in architecture. Rationalism, empiricism, structuralism phenomenology, post-structuralism, and deconstructivism are some of the directives of philosophy that affect architecture.

While Culture is very closely related to the community. Melville J. Herskovits and Bronislaw Malinowski argue that everything contained in society is determined by the culture of the society itself. The term for that opinion is Cultural-Determinism.

Herskovits views culture as something passed down from one generation to another, later referred to as the superorganic.

According to Andreas Eppink, culture contains a whole sense of social values, social norms, science and the whole of social, religious, and other structures, in addition to all the intellectual, artistic statements that characterize a society.

Architectural Relations With Culture

Houses with all manifestations of form, function and meaning are constantly governed, directed, and responded to or treated by the inhabitants according to the culture that affects the community in question.

The cultural context in its form which will be reflected in architectural works includes: religion, social, politics, science and technology, economics, aesthetics. Values ​​as one embodiment of culture will include things pertaining to truth (logic), goodness (ethics), beauty (aesthetics). The functional factor of culture in the form of architecture is determined by need, technology, association, aesthetics, telesik, and also proper usage.

As every tribe has a pattern of each house both the form and function of the dwelling house in the huninya. Residential homes can vary by size and luxury, because a house of people can also show how the social status of the inhabitants. Here Architecture is very instrumental in seeing it all, like one of the cultural results that can show the identity of the support community.

Characteristics of Architectural Culture

When we talk about cultural traits in architecture, it will involve two aspects:
First, What characteristic do you want to disclose. And secondly, how these traits are expressed.

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The work of architecture will always reflect the cultural characteristics of the human groups involved in the process of its creation. At least will reflect the values they embrace. Thus if we carefully observe a number of architectural works of a society then will gradually recognize the cultural characteristics of the community.

Reference:

https://soedwi.staff.uns.ac.id
https://en.scribd.com
https://wikipedia.org
https://wawanarcspace.wordpress.com