SEDIMENTOLOGY
Sedimentology as the word entails is the natural sediments, both lithufied (sedimentary rock) and unlithified, and of the processes by which they are formed. Sedimentology includes all those processes that give to sediment may form from them; mechanical transportation; deposition; and diagenesis, which modifies sediment after deposition and burial within a sedimentary basin and converts it into sedimentary rock. Sediments deposited by mechanical processes (gravels, sands, muds) are known as elastic sediment and those deposited predominantly by chemical or biological processes (limestones, dolomites, rock salt, chert) are known as chemical sediment.