DNA decoded & RNA reloaded
We always hear about DNA in detective TV series and see how they catch the criminal in the end with that one piece of hair or blood but what is DNA really???
Our bodies are made of chromosomes 23 pairs meaning a total of 48. For all humans these chromosomes are the same but differs in chromosome 23 for males is it is an XY while a female XX chromosome. Chromosomes are long strands of DNA that is twisted and forms proteins. There are 20 Amino Acids in the body, 9 of which are taken in through means of food due to the fact that our body can not produce it which are called Essential amino acids and amino acids that can be produced are non-essential amino acids(note: some actually form sugar)
DNA is genetic material that each person contains.DNA is a group of instructions in the body that allows ones cells to replicate and function growth.DNA is actually deoxyribonuclei acid which is long structure(Nucleotides include of phosphate,sugar and a base) double stranded structure(double helix)which contains our genetic code(relationship between amino acid and genetic code). Each DNA has genes(parts of code of heredity that make up traits of the organism). DNA has 4 bases Adenine(A) & Thynine (T)- known as Purines and Gaunine (G) & Cytosine (C)-known as pyrimides. Each Genome (one DNA) gives instructions to the RNA.
RNA( ribonuclei acid) is similar to DNA is a single stranded gene. There are 3 types of RNA: Messenger RNA( mRNA)- makes a copy of DNA , Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)- structural component of ribosome,and Transfer RNA (tRNA)-bring amino acid in sequence when acting with proteins. RNA also contains nucleotides but there bases are a little different Adenine(A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C) and Gaunine (G). These RNA are short stranded.
Transcriptions(decode DNA)
This when a copy of DNA is formed (RNA made of DNA copy)
RNA polymersa unzips or untangles the DNA & places RNA nucleotides.
1 RNA= 3 DNA together called a codon
Translation
- mRNA attaches and codon reads the code
- mRNA molecule moves & matches with mRNA, the codon with amino acid form peptide bonds.
- tRNA (previous ) detaches & mRNA moves to next tRNA molecule to come forth
- Protiens grow till the codon has reached
- The protein is now formed and is functional in the body
DNA makes RNA, RNA makes protiens, Protiens make cells, cells make tissue, tissue makes up organs and thats how you formed.
for more checkout
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uracil
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenine
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/the-information-in-dna-is-decoded-by-6524808