Mars

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and is often called the "Red Planet" because of its reddish appearance due to iron oxide (rust) on its surface. It is about half the size of Earth and has a thin atmosphere primarily composed of carbon dioxide.

Key Features of Mars:

Size & Distance: Mars has a diameter of about 6,779 km and is about 227.9 million km from the Sun.

Gravity: The gravity on Mars is about 38% of Earth's, meaning a person weighing 100 kg on Earth would weigh only 38 kg on Mars.

Temperature: Mars is cold, with an average temperature of about -63°C, but it can range from -140°C at the poles to 30°C in some areas during summer.

Moons: It has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are believed to be captured asteroids.

Water & Ice: Mars has ice caps at its poles, and evidence suggests that liquid water once flowed on its surface.

Volcanoes & Canyons: Mars has the tallest volcano in the solar system, Olympus Mons, and the longest canyon, Valles Marineris.

Exploration: Many rovers and spacecraft have explored Mars, including NASA’s Perseverance, Curiosity, and the Ingenuity helicopter.

Future Missions: Space agencies like NASA and SpaceX are planning manned missions to Mars in the coming