Function and Role of Information Technology (Application / Software) For Company
Understanding Information Technology (IT) is a technology used to process data, including processing, obtaining, compiling, storing, manipulating data in various ways to produce quality information, ie relevant information, accurate and timely, used for personal use , business, government and is a strategic information for decision making. Information Technology is not just limited to computer technology (software & hardware) used to process or store information, but also includes communication technology to transmit information (Martin, 1999). All fields require information technology, whether legal, economic, banking, health, and so on.
Application of Information Technology is widely used by entrepreneurs. The need for time and cost efficiency causes every business actor to feel the need to apply information technology in the work environment. Implementation of Information Technology can lead to changes in work habits. For example the implementation of Enterprice Resource Planning (ERP). ERP is one of the software applications that includes the management system within the company. Also the use of Microsoft Access can make the application to be able to meet the purpose of the effectiveness and efficiency of a company.
There are six functions of information technology, namely:
Capture
Capturing here can be interpreted as input. For example receiving input from mic, keyboard, scanner, and others.
Processing (Processing)
Process or process enter data received to become information. Processing and processing of data can be in the form of converting, analyzing, and calculating (calculation).
Generating
Produce or organize information into useful forms or reports that can be understood by others. Eg reports, tables, graphics, images, and more.
Saving (Storage)
Recording or storing data and information in a medium that can be used for other purposes. Examples are saving to hard disk, flash disk, tape, and others.
Looking Back (Retrival)
Search and retrieve information or copy data and information already stored. For example looking for sales data that has been stored previously.
Transmission
Sending data and information from one location to another through a computer network. Suppose sending sales data from user A to another user.
The use of IT in an organization is very important, to implement IT must be seen the characteristics of the organization. Whether with IT is able to improve the efficiency of a company, so in the IT application required a reliable person who can run well. There are four fundamental roles of information technology in a company, namely:
The Operational Function will make the organizational structure slimmer has been taken over by information technology. Due to the diffuse nature of its use throughout the organization's functions, the unit concerned with information technology management will perform its function as a supporting agency where information technology is perceived as a firm infrastructure.
The Monitoring and Control function implies that the existence of information technology will be an integral part of the activity at the managerial level embedded within each manager function, so that the organizational structure of the units concerned must be able to have a span of control or peer relationship that enables effective interaction with managers in related companies.
The function of Planning and Decision lifts information technology to a more strategic role because of its existence as a provider of the company's business plan and is an additional information for corporate leaders faced with the reality of taking on a number of important daily decisions.
The function of Communication is principally included in the firm infrastructure. In the era of modern organizations where information technology placed its position as a means or media of individual companies in communicating, collaborating, cooperating, and interacting.
So it can be concluded that information technology (IT) has many functions and roles for the company. The function of information technology is to capture, process, generate, store and retrieve data. And the role of information technology is operational function, monitoring and control function, planning and decision function and communication function.
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