ANIMAL SENSES

Sense organs are organs with nerve endings that can respond to stimulus from the environment. Animals and humans are endangered when these organs are damaged.

Some animals have well-developed senses. And there are several types of energies which are existing in the environment which human beings cannot sense. In a Chronological order, I'll highlight some of these animals and their senses.

Senses that are detected include; sense of visible light, touch, sound, UV light, temperature, infra red radiations, smell, magnetic fields, taste, elastic fields and gravity.

ANTS
The can detect small movements through 5cm of earth. It can see polarized light.

BATS
Bats can detect warmth of an animal from about 16cm away using its nose leaf. Bats can also find foods up to 15ft away and get information about the type of insect using their sense of echo-location. The bats can hear frequencies between 3000-120,000Hz.

BEES
Bees can see light between wavelength of 300nm and 650nm. They have Chemoreceptors on jaws (taste receptors), and forelimbs and antenna. The worker honeybee has 5500 lenses in each eye. The worker honeybee also has a ring of iron oxides in their abdomen that may be used to detect magnetic fields, and they may use this ability to detect changes in earth's magnetic field and use it for navigation.

BUTTERFLY
It has Chemoreceptors (taste receptors) on their feet. Butterfly has hairs on its wings to detect changes in air pressure. Using vision, the butterfly colias can distinguish two points separated by as little as 30 microns.

BUZZARD
The retina has 1m photoreceptors (light receptors). It can see small rodents from a height of 15,000ft.

CAT
A cat has a hearing range of 10,000-60,000Hz. The olfactory membrane is about 14 centimeters square while that of humans is about 4 centimeters square.

CHAMELEON
Its eyes can move independently. Therefore, it can see in two different directions at the same time.

COAKCROACH
It can detect movement as well as 2000 times the diameter of an hydrogen atom.

CRAB
It has hairs on claws and other parts of the body. The hairs help to detect water current and vibration. Many crabs have their eyes on the end of stalks.

FISH
The fish has sensory hairs that can detect the movement of 0.1 microns at 100Hz frequency.

CRICKETS
Crickets can hear using their legs. Sound waves vibrate a thin membrane on the cricket's front legs.

DOGS
Dogs have olfactory membrane up to 150cm square. They can hear sound as high as 40,000Hz.

DOLPHINS
It is a small whale with a beak-like snout. Like bats, dolphin use echo-location for movement and location. They can hear frequency up to atleast 100,000mHz.

DRAGON FLY
It has two pairs of wings and the eyes contain 30,000 lenses.

EAGLE
It has an eyeball length of 35mm. That of humans is 24mm. Visual acuity of an eagle is 2-3.6 times better than that of humans.

ELEPHANTS
Elephants have hearing range between 1-20,000Hz. They can detect very low frequency sounds which are in the infra sound range.

FALCONS
They are fast flying birds of prey. They can see a 10cm object from a distance of 1.5km. The visual acuity is 2.6 times better than that of humans. It can see sharp images even when driving at 100mph.

FISH
Some fishes can see into the infrared wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum. The cat fish specifically has 3-4 pairs of whiskers called barbels, used to find food. It also has approximately 100,000 taste buds as against the humans which have 10,000 taste buds.

Some fishes can detect L-serine which is a chemical found on the skin of mammals diluted to one part/billion. It has a lacteral line system consisting of sense organs called neuromast, in cannals along the head and trunk. These receptors are used to detect changes in water pressure and may be used to locate prey and earth movement.

DRUNK FISH
It collects underwater sound vibrations with an air bladder. The signals are then sent from the air to the waverian apparatus in the middle ear and then to the inner ear. Hair cells in the inner ear respond to the vibration and transmit sound into the fish brain.

Anableps microlepis (four-eyed fish): This one can see in air and water simultaneously. Each eye is divided by flaps hence there's one opening in the air while the other opens in the water.

FLY
Each eye of a fly has 3,000 lenses. Some can locate sounds with a range of only two degrees of the midline.

FROG
It has an eardrum called tympanic membrane on the outside of the body behind the eye.

GIANT SQUID
Is a sea animal with long body and tentacles. The eye is 25cm in diameter, and the retina can contain up to 1b photoreceptors.

GRASSHOPPER
Grasshopper has hairs all over the body to detect air movement. It can hear up 50,000Hz.

HAWK
A hawk's vision is 20/5 while normal human vision is 20/20. This means that a hawk can see at 20ft what most people can see from 5ft.

IGUANA
Is a large tropical lizard. It is able to detect the temperature of sound within 2 degrees Fahrenheit, and this temperature is required for it to lay its eggs.

JELLY FISH
Has twenty-four (24) eyes.

MICE
Mice can hear frequencies of 1,000-100,000Hz. While humans can hear at frequencies of 20-20,000Hz.

MOSQUITO
It is attracted to the host by human body odour, body heat and body humidity.

MOTH
It is usually active at night. Some species have hearing range between 1,000-240,000Hz.

OCTOPUS
The retina contains 20m photoreceptors. It has Chemoreceptors on the suckers of their tentacles.

PENGUIN
Is a flightless sea bird in the southern hemisphere. It has a flat cornea that allows for clear vision under water. It can also see into the Ultra Violet (UV) range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

PIG
The tongue contain 15,000 taste buds as compared to humans with 9000 taste buds.

PIGEONS
Have eyes mounted laterally on their heads. They can view 340 degrees everywhere except the back of their heads and they can detect sounds as low as 0.1Hz.

PLATYCUS
It has electric sensors in its bill that can detect 0.05mv. Other receptors in the bill are for touch and temperature. The cochlea in the inner ear is coiled only a quarter of a turn. In humans, the cochlea is coiled for about 2.7 times.

RABBIT
Its tongue contains 17,000 buds. Rats have a hearing range between 1000-90,000kHz.

SEA HORSE
A small sea fish that swims upright and has a horse-like head. Each eye can move independently.

SCALLOP
Scallop is a type of shellfish that has a flat, round shell two parts and that is often eaten as food. Scallop has 100 eyes around the edge of a shell. These eyes are probably for detecting shadows of predators such as star fish.

SCORPION
Scorpion can detect air movement at only 0.072km/hr with special hairs on its pincers. It can have as many as 12 eyes.

SHARK
Shark has specialized electrosensing receptors with threshold as low as 0.005 micro volt per centimetre, these receptors may be used to locate prey. Some sharks sense light directly through the skull by the pineal body.

SNAKES
Pit vipers have a heat sensitive organ between the eye and the nostrils about 0.5cm deep. The organ has a membrane containing 7000 nerve endings that respond to temperature changes as small as 0.002-0.003 centigrade.
A rattle snake can detect a mouse 40cm away if the mouse is 10 degrees Celsius above the outside temperature. The tongue of snakes has no taste buds. Smell and taste are detected in 2 pits on the roof of their mouth. Receptors in the pit then transmit smell and take info to the brain.

Snakes have no external ear therefore they do not hear the music of a snake charmer. Instead, they're probably responding to the movement of the snake charmer and flute. However, sounds may travel through bones in the head to the middle ear. Snakes have no movable iris. They have a clear scale-like membrane covering the eyes.

STAR-NOSED MOLE
It uses its fleshy star-nose for hunting. It has a 100,000 nerve fibres that run from the star to the brain. This is almost 6 times more than the touch receptors in the human hand.

ALL IMAGES WERE GOTTEN FROM PIXABAY.COM

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