from-en translation to German - Report 15 - 1023 words translated

in #utopian-io7 years ago (edited)

Project Details

This project is about the translation of Economics and Ethics of Private Property Studies in Political Economy and Philosophy. I believe that knowledge has to have easy access to people, in order for them to build critical thinking and wisdom. This is a contemporary subject that can help to understand politics and economics.

Links related to the translation

Source Language

English

Translated Language

​I am translating to German. This subprojects ist now 39 % completed by me.

Number Of Words

Number of words translated on this contribution: 1023

Proofread Words

​I am translating to German. The first four subprojects are now 100% completed by me with 4777 word. In the next subproject I translated now 23%.

Previous translation on the same project

Number of words translated on the project before this report (if any): 16198

Proof of work

Before translation:



After translation:

Examples:
For no matter what the specific consequences of such a tax are, it must either be the case that consumers will have to pay a higher price for the same goods and their standard of living will be impaired because of this, or it must be the case that the tax imposes higher costs on producers, and consumers will then be punished because of a lower output produced.
Denn unabhängig davon, welche konkreten Folgen eine solche Steuer hat, muss entweder der Verbraucher für dieselbe Ware einen höheren Preis zahlen müssen und dadurch sein Lebensstandard beeinträchtigt sein oder es muss der Fall sein, dass die Steuer den Erzeugern höhere Kosten auferlegt, und die Verbraucher dann bestraft werden, weil weniger produziert wird.
However, and it is with this that we will have to disagree sharply, it is then argued that whether or not the imposition of a tax harms consumers in the former or in the latter way is an open empirical question, the answer to which depends on the elasticity of demand for the taxed products.
Allerdings müssen wir uns dabei stark widersprechen, und es wird argumentiert, dass die Frage, ob die Einführung einer Steuer den Verbrauchern in erster oder letzterer Weise schadet, eine offene empirische Frage ist, auf deren Antwort es auf die Elastizität der Nachfrage nach den besteuerten Produkten ankommt.
While it is couched in terms different from those used in my earlier analysis, one can hardly fail to notice that it merely restates, on a somewhat more specific level of discussion, what has already been demonstrated as false on a more general level: the thesis that taxes may or may not reduce productive output; that there is no necessary connection between taxes and productive output; and that it must be considered empirically possible that a tax may affect consumption exclusively while production remains untouched.
Während es anders formuliert ist, als in meiner früheren Analyse, kann man kaum übersehen, dass es auf einer etwas spezifischeren Ebene lediglich das wiedergibt, was auf einer allgemeineren Ebene bereits als falsch erwiesen wurde: die These, dass Steuern den produktiven Ertrag reduzieren können oder nicht; dass zwischen Steuern und produktivem Ertrag kein notwendiger Zusammenhang besteht; und dass es empirisch möglich sein muss, dass eine Steuer den Verbrauch ausschließlich während der Produktion beeinflusst.



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