Beautiful scenery in paddy (rice) fields.

Rice is the most important crop in our country Indonesia. Why not because the staple food in Indonesia is rice from rice which is of course produced by rice plants. In addition to Indonesia rice is also a staple food countries in other Asian continents such as China, India, Thailand, Vietnam and others. Rice is a crop of berberun. This agricultural plant comes from two continents of Asia and tropical and subtropical West Africa. Historical evidence shows that rice cultivation in Zhejiang (China) has begun in 3,000 years BC. Fossils of grains of rice and grain were found in Hastinapur Uttar Pradesh India around 100-800 BC. In addition to China and India, some areas of origin of rice are North Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam. Many pests that attack this plant are the rats, orong-orong, the wall of the ground (rock javelin), the pest and the brown planthopper. The pests that often cause rice crop failure and of course make farmers lose money.

The leading rice producing countries are the People's Republic of China (31% of total world production), India (20%), and Indonesia (9%). However, only a small percentage of world rice production is traded between countries (only 5% -6% of total world production). Thailand is the main exporter of rice (26% of total world traded rice) followed by Vietnam (15%) and the United States (11%). Indonesia is the world's largest rice importer (14% of the world's traded rice) followed by Bangladesh (4%), and Brazil (3%).

A. TYPES OF PLANTS
The botanical classification of rice crops is as follows:
Division: Spermatophyta
Sub division: Angiospermae
Class: Monotyledonae
Family: Gramineae (Poaceae)
Genus: Oryza
Species: Oryza spp.

B. RICE TYPES
• Gogo rice
In some rain-fed areas people develop upland rice, a relatively dry-tolerant dryland rice type without inundation as in paddy fields. In Lombok developed a system of upland rice, which provides inundation within a certain time interval so that the rice yield increases.

• Swamp rice
Wet rice or tidal rice grows wild or cultivated in swamp areas. In addition to Kalimantan, this type of rice is found in the valley of the Ganges River. Swampy rice is capable of forming long stems so that it can follow changes in seasonal extreme water depth.

• Pera Rice
Rice is rice with amylose content in starch more than 20% in rice. Grain of rice if not inherent ditanak stick. The opposite of pera rice is rice pulen. Most Indonesians love this kind of rice and the various types of rice sold in the Indonesian market are rice pulen.

• Glutinous rice
Ketan (sticky rice), whether white or red / black, has been known since the first. Glutinous rice has amylose content below 1% in rice starch.

• Fragrant rice
Fragrant or aromatic rice is developed in several places in Asia, the famous Cianjur Pandanwangi (now superior cultivar) and rajalele. Both of these cultivars are long-lived javanica varieties.