What is Internet? And Web - Basic Concepts
The Internet is basically a global network of computing resources. You can think of the Internet as a physical collection of routers and circuits as a shared pool of resources.
Some of the common definitions given in the past include.
Network network based on the TCP/IP communication protocol.
The community of people using and growing the network.
- Telnet
- FTP
- UseNet news
- World Wide Web (WWW)
WWW stands for World Wide Web. The technical definition of the World Wide Web is: all Internet users and resources that use the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
The broadest definition comes from the organization founded by Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C): The World Wide Web is a world of networked information, an embodiment of human knowledge.
In simple terms, the World Wide Web is a way of exchanging information between computers on the Internet, linking it to a large collection of interactive multimedia resources.
HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is the protocol used to transfer the hypertext documents that make the World Wide Web possible.
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator and is used to specify an address on the World Wide Web. The URL is the fundamental network identifier for any resource connected to the web (for example, hypertext pages, images, and sound files).
The protocol defines how information is transferred over the link. Other protocols supported by most web browsers include FTP, telnet, newsgroups and Gopher.
The protocol is followed by a colon, a colon, and then the domain name. The domain name is the computer where the resource resides.
Links to specific files or subdirectories can be further specified after the domain name. Directory names are separated by one forward slash.
You are currently on our website, which is a collection of various pages written in HTML markup language. This is a location on the web where people can find tutorials on the latest technology.
Each page available on a website is called a web page, and the first page of any website is called the home page of that site.
Every web server connected to the Internet is assigned a unique address consisting of a series of four numbers between 0 and 256 separated by periods. For example, 68.178.157.132 or 68.122.35.127.
When you register a web address, also known as a domain name, such as tutorialspoint.com, you must specify the IP address of the web server that will host the site.
We will look at the different types of web servers in separate chapters.
SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Server. This server is in charge of sending email from one server to another. When you send an email to an email address, the SMTP server delivers it to the recipient.
ISP stands for Internet Service Provider. They are companies that provide services in terms of internet connection to connect to the internet.
You are buying space on a web server from any Internet Service Provider.
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the language we use to write web pages of any website. Even the page you are reading is now written in HTML.
It is part of the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) for Electronic Publishing, a specific standard used for the World Wide Web.
A hyperlink or simply a link is a clickable element in an electronic document that serves as an access point to other electronic resources. Typically, you click a hyperlink to access the linked resource. Familiar hyperlinks include clickable buttons, icons, image maps, and text links.
DNS stands for Domain Name System. When someone enters your domain name, www.example.com, their browser will ask the Domain Name System to find the IP hosting your site. When you register your domain name, your IP address must be placed in the DNS along with your domain name. Without doing so, your domain name will not function properly.
W3C stands for World Wide Web Consortium, which is an international consortium of Internet and Web-related companies.
The organization's goal is to develop open standards so that the Web develops in one direction instead of being fragmented among competing factions. W3C is the main body of standards for HTTP and HTML.