Small solar desalination prototype.

Water scarcity and global warming

Water scarcity and climate change are the among the biggest problems facing the humanity this century; These two major concerns can lead to even worse problems such as pollution and profound environmental impacts. In addition to climate change, another two factors put more stress on water scarcity are the world population growth and the industrial development. These two factors have created a great deficiency between water supply and demand worldwide. The great challenge facing our world today is to bridge the gap or deficiency between water supply and demand using more sustainable and green methods.

^{Solar desalination prototype during testing}
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Desalination technology.

The main objective of the different types of desalination plants is to convert different types of water into freshwater.
A high percentage of desalination plants operating worldwide are increasingly using energy from fossil fuel sources .
In the mean time many regions worldwide, which are facing the problem of water scarcity, receive higher amounts of solar energy during the day. such as my country Libya.
Based on this, solar desalination is considered as an emerging technology to tackle the problem of water scarcity.

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Desalination based on the principle of Humidification Dehumidifcation (HDH).

HDH desalination process is working with similar principles of water purification cycle in mother nature which is called Hydrologic Cycle . the steps of The hydrologic cycle include two main simple steps:

• evaporation of water mainly from the oceans, which is driven by solar energy and brings the water into the atmosphere as clouds.
• condensation of water turning clouds into rain.

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Solar desalination project.

the project aimed to build the main parts of the humidification and dehumidification unit as an experimental rig ( developing a prototype) to study the possible use of the unit in rural areas.

The fabricated parts of the prototype are as follows:

• humidifier or evaporator:
  Air enters this part from the bottom and salty water from the top by using sprayers and the goal is to make the air completely saturated.

• condenser:
  The saturated air enters the cold condenser causing water content to start precipitate and collect distillate water at the bottom.

• solar collector :
  Solar energy is used to heat the feed to the evaporator

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thank you for your encouragement and support

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@girolamomarotta , @mikitaly