Hello everyone and Assalam u Alaikum to all the steemit friends. I am good and enjoying my life and I hope that you all are also doing well and having a great time in your respected lives. It's an honor to be here at Steemitcryptoacademy again.

Yesterday, I learned about the governance of the TRON ecosystem from the post of our respected professor @yohan2on and here is my homework task in this regard. So let's get started without wasting much time.

Question no 1

Who are Super Representatives, SR partners and SR candidates? (The Governance of the TRON Ecosystem)

The Tron ecosystem is a decentralized blockchain which enables producers to directly market and sell their creative work to customers, without the need for a middleman. Developers can also design DApps, Smart Contracts, and DApp tokens that can function on the Tron blockchain. Tronix (TRX), the native token of the Tron blockchain, is used within the network and serves as the network's governance token.


The Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) consensus mechanism is used in the Tron Ecosystem, in which elected delegates are in responsible of transaction validation and block construction. These witnesses are picked by the users through a vote process. Only users who have invested their Tron in the ecosystem are eligible to vote. The selected delegates are referred to as Super Representatives, and they are ranked from 1 to 27. The Super Representative Partners, who are ranked 28th to 127th, are the next in line, followed by the Super Representative Candidates.

Super Representative (SR)

The Tron Blockchain's Super Representatives are nodes that have been voted by the other users on the blockchain and are chosen among the super representative candidates. The number of Tron blockchain's super representatives are 27, and they are in charge of construction of blocks, validating transactions, and gaining the voting rewards that go with it.


In Every six hours, the super representatives are chosen from among the candidates with the highest number of votes in the range of 1 to 27.


Each of these super representatives will receive 16 TRX every time they create a block. Every three seconds, all 27 SRs produce a block. Along with the individual 16 TRX reward for manufacturing a block, each of the 27 SRs receives a portion of the 160 TRX payout for each block generated. This means that the Super Representative who creates a block will receive a 16 TRX reward, and the Super Representative who is not producing a block at the time will receive a part of the 160 TRX payout. The latter is referred to as the Votes Reward.

Super Representative Partners

In the Tron Ecosystem, the Super Representative Partner, like the Super Representative, has a job to play. Representatives who did not make the top 27 but are among the top 127 in the ranking fall into this group.
The remaining 100 Super representatives Partners are automatically picked when the top 27 Super Representatives have been voted on the Blockchain. The super representative Partners rewards are identical to those of the super representatives (SR's) with one exception that it does receive any block rewards because they do not construct any blocks.


They've also been seen taking part in voting events in the ecosystem, which are aimed at improving Blockchain governance. They can also make ideas that are in accordance with the Super Representative's agenda. Staking for voting earns rewards, and ordinary voters are likewise paid in relation to SRP incentives.

Super Representative Candidatess

The 147 nodes chosen by the whole Tron blockchain's token holders are referred to as super representative candidates. Every 6 hours, the voting is updated, and the super representatives are chosen as nodes with the highest votes in the range of 1 to 27, and the super representative partners are chosen as nodes with the corresponding votes in the range of 28 to 127.


Users in positions 128 to 147 make up the Super Representative Candidates. They are also chosen by Tron Blockchain users who have staked their currencies. The voting takes place every 6 hours, and after the Super Representatives and Super Representative Partners have been chosen, the Candidates remain until the following voting period.

Question no 2

What’s the difference between DPOS and POS consensus mechanisms?

Overview Of Proof of Stake (PoS)

The miner receives the authority of mining and confirming transactions in the Proof of Stake Consensus Algorithm based on how many coins they have staked. As a result, the more assets a user stakes, the more authority he gains in terms of mining and transaction validation. The Proof of Stake Consensus Method is a better alternative to the Proof of Work algorithm because it uses less energy.


Network nodes (users) distribute (stake) a percentage of their assets to a chosen node in the proof-of-stake consensus algorithm. The staked assets are used by the nodes to take on given on-chain activities that help the blockchain develop and perform better, such as transaction validation, new protocol implementation, governance, guild line creation, and so on.


Cryptocurrencies such as ADA (Cardano), DOT, and others use this type of consensus algorithm.



Image Source

Overview Of Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)

The delegated proof of stake consensus mechanism was created by Dan Larimer, a former EOS Chief Technology Officer, in 2014. This consensus algorithm can be thought of as a development of the classic proof of stake (PoS) consensus algorithm. Internal elections of delegates or validators, who will be responsible for the validation of new blocks, characterise it. These delegates, also known as witnesses with range in number from 21 to 101 for each new block. They take turns producing a block every few seconds, and each delegate is given a specified time second. Delegates who misbehave or perform below expectations will lose reputation points and may be terminated.


Nodes participate in delegate voting by staking their assets in a stake pool linked to the delegated node, resulting in the delegated node receiving a larger stake in the blockchain's token. The chosen delegates are rewarded from transaction fees, which are distributed based on the percentage of tokens invested in the subaccounts by the voter.



Image Source

Difference Between Proof of stake (PoS) and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)

Image source

Security:

Collateral Staking provides Proof of Stake (PoS) security, whereas Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) security is achieved by combining Collateral Staking, Delegation, and Voting procedures. Because of the randomised chance of selecting a new delegate node, the Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS) is regarded to be more secure than the Proof-of-Stake (PoS). This prohibits assaults on the Blockchain.

Delegates:

Delegates in Proof of Stake (PoS) are chosen at random based on their stakes, but delegates in Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) are elected by user votes.

Consumption of energy:

Proof of stake (Pos) consumes a lot more energy than delegated proof of stake (DPoS).

Speed:

The validation speed of proof of stake (PoS) is slow while the validation speed of delegated proof of stake (DPos) is comparatively faster.

Scalability:

Proof-of-stake (PoS) allows for the establishment and spread of a decentralised network, with nodes chosen based on the amount of assets staked. Because voting is necessary to pick nodes, the delegated proof of stake (DPoS) will scale poorly.

Question no 2

Write a Step by Step tutorial showcasing how to stake/freeze TRX and vote for SRs

As previously stated, voting for super representative candidates necessitates the use of Tron power, which is represented by staked TRX, with one Tron power equaling one TRX. I'll demonstrate a straightforward way for freezing and voting. Follow all the steps provided below;

• At first download the Tronlink wallet on your device.
• Now clear all the login setup.
  
  

• Now click the Freeze button on the tronlink wallet which is present at top right of the wallet as shown in the screenshot below;
  
  

• A resource page will appear below, here you can see that my voting rights is zero because I have never freezed my trx nor voted.
  
  

• Now scroll your resource page and enter the amount of trx which you want to freeze and press the freeze button. I have entered 15 trx in the amount section as shown below;
  
  

• Now hit the confirm button to confirm your amount of trx.
  
  

• Now enter the password of your tronlink wallet.
  
  

• Now you can see my voting rights in the below screenshot.
  
  

• We'll utilise the Tronlink app to vote, and you'll see a vote option on the main screen, as shown in the screenshot below.
  
  

• When you hit the vote button, a list of SR's will appear on your screen.
  
  

• Now choose the super representative which you want to vote. I have choosen poloniex.
  
  
  
  
  

• I cast my ten votes for Poloniex, which has a 6.59 percent expected yield.
  
  

• Now enter the pass word again as it asked.
  
  

• Here you can see that my voting is done as the available votes in the screenshot is 5 which was 15 previously.
  
  

Conclusion

The Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DpoS) protocol is used on the Tron blockchain, and delegated nodes are referred to as super representatives. The super representative is in charge of validating and adding new blocks to the Blockchain. Staking of assets is employed as an eligibility condition in both DPoS and PoS, although DPoS enables additional decentralisation because nodes are tasked with picking (voting) for the delegate of choice.


When scalability and transaction throughput are compared to other consensus mechanisms (PoW and PoS), the TRON Blockchain, which runs on the DPoS, is remarkable in its functioning. In its mode of operation, witnesses or Delegates are elected/voted for before they can validate a given block, bringing the true democratic and decentralised characteristic into action.

Cc: @yohan2on


Regards: @dabeerahmed


#yohan2on-s4week7 #cryptoacademy #steemit #steem #steemexclusive