teak wood

Teak is a kind of tree producing high quality. Large trees, trunked straight, can grow to reach height 30-40 m. Large leafy, decaying in the dry season. Teak is known to the world by the name teak (English). This name is derived from the word thekku (തേക്ക്) in Malayalam, a language in Kerala state in southern India. The scientific name of teak is Tectona grandis L.f.

Teak can grow in areas with rainfall of 1 500 - 2 000 mm / year and temperatures 27 - 36 ° C in both lowlands and highlands. The best place for teak growth is soil with a pH of 4.5 - 7 and not flooded with water. Teak has elliptical leaves that are wide and can reach 30 - 60 cm as adults.

Teak has slow growth with low germination (usually less than 50%) which makes the propagation process naturally difficult so it is not enough to cover the demand for teak. Teak is usually produced conventionally by using seeds. However, the production of seeds with large quantities in a certain time to be limited due to the outer layer of hard seeds. Several alternatives have been made to overcome this layer such as soaking the seeds in water, heating the seeds over low heat or hot sand, and adding acid, base, or bacteria. However, these alternatives are still not optimal to produce teak in a fast and large amount.

Generally, teak in breeding process is susceptible to several diseases including leaf spot disease caused by Phomopsis sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Alternaria sp., And Curvularia sp., Leaf rust caused by Olivea tectonea, and powdery mildew caused by Uncinula tectonae. [5] Phomopsis sp. was the most infected, accounting for 95% of infected seeds in 1993-1994. The infection occurs in seeds aged 2-8 months. Characterization of this infection is the presence of light brown necrosis on the edge of the leaf which then gradually spread to the midrib, the infection then spread to the top of the leaves, petiol, and the end of the stem causing the leaf part of the stem to suffer drought. If unconscious and uncontrolled, infection of Phomopsis sp. will spread to all the seeds so that the process of teak planting can not be done.

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